China Human Rights Briefing May 4-10, 2010
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May 4-10, 2010
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Highlights
- Beijing Human Rights Lawyers Have Licenses Revoked: Beijing human rights lawyers Tang Jitian (唐吉田) and Liu Wei (刘巍) were informed on the morning of May 7 that the Beijing Bureau of Justice had formally revoked their lawyers’ licenses. The punishment, ostensibly related to violations allegedly committed during an April 2009 court hearing, are widely believed to be in retaliation for Tang and Liu’s work on behalf of “sensitive” clients and their human rights activism.
- Another Suspicious Death in Detention: CHRD learned this week that Fu Changping (付昌平), a 27 year-old man from Heilongjiang Province, died in a Re-education through Labor (RTL) Camp. After viewing Fu’s corpse, his family members allege that he was tortured and beaten to death; medical records from his intake examination showed that he was in fine health only 24 days before his death.
- Beijing Activist Sentenced to One Year in Prison for 2009 Protests: On May 4, Beijing human rights activist Zhou Li (周莉) was sentenced to one year in prison for “creating a disturbance.” Zhou, who was originally detained on August 12, 2009, was charged with “creating a disturbance” for taking part in protests against Beijing University professor Sun Dongdong (孙东东) in the spring of 2009 after Sun claimed that “99% of petitioners suffer from mental illness.”
Table of Contents
Harassment of Activists
Beijing Authorities Formally Revoke Licenses of Two Human Rights Lawyers
Freedom of Assembly and Association.
Gathering of Activists Disrupted
Netizens Threatened and Subjected to “Soft Detention” as Ai Weiwei Holds Dinner Gathering in Hangzhou
Freedom of Religion
Guangzhou House Church Prevented from Entering Rented Venue for Mass
Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Man Dies in Re-education through Labor Camp, Allegedly Tortured
Hunan Veterans Beaten for Making Enquiries at Civil Affairs Office
Arbitrary Detention
Prisoner of Conscience Yang Tianshui Critically Ill
Doctors Telephone Wife of Imprisoned Activist Xie Fulin to Relay Concerns about His Health
Henan Digital Activist Ning Wenzhong Released After 11 Months of RTL
Beijing Activist Sentenced to Prison for Protests against Sun Dongdong in Spring 2009
Two Hubei Petitioners Begin Hunger Strike in Black Jail
Six Guangxi Villagers Detained in Latest Action against Villagers Resisting Land Requisition
Four Guangxi Petitioners Detained Following Group Protest
Sichuan Activist Chen Yunfei Detained, Beaten by Police
Guiyang Activists Detained and Interrogated about Commemorative Activities for Tiananmen Massacre
Beijing Activist Li Jinping Released after 10 Days of Detention in Black Jail
World Expo Watch
Reproductive Rights
Officials Seize Villager of Property to Press his Brother for Family Planning Paperwork
Law and Policy Watch
Ministry of Land and Resources Targets Houses with Limited Property Rights
Ministry of Public Security Issues Regulations on Police Discipline
Harassment of Activists
Beijing Authorities Formally Revoke Licenses of Two Human Rights Lawyers
On the morning of May 7, Beijing lawyer Tang Jitian (唐吉田) received a phone call from the Beijing Bureau of Justice informing him that his lawyer’s license, and the license of fellow lawyer Liu Wei (刘巍), had been formally revoked. This decision comes as no surprise; though the two attended a hearing on April 22 regarding the revocation of their licenses, it was widely believed to be a foregone conclusion and Tang called this morning’s notification “the predicted outcome.” It is believed that Beijing authorities are retaliating against the pair for their defense of “sensitive” clients, including Falun Gong practitioners. Tang reaffirmed his determination to challenge the decision, and stated he would file for administrative reconsideration. For CHRD’s reporting on the April 22 hearing, as well as background information regarding Tang and Liu’s case, please click here. (CHRD)[i]
Freedom of Assembly and Association
Gathering of Activists Disrupted
On May 8, about 20 activists gathered at a restaurant near Xizhimen in Beijing to share information and their experiences during the trial of three Fujian digital activists on April 16. However, as soon as the activists gathered, the restaurant turned off the electricity and used other methods to disrupt their meeting. The activists were eventually forced to move to a different restaurant. The gathering was originally scheduled to be held at another restaurant in Beijing’s Haidian District, but the restaurant cancelled the reservation following what the activists believe to be pressure from the Beijing authorities. One activist, Wang Lihong (王荔蕻), was subjected to “soft detention” at her home that afternoon to prevent her from attending the meeting. (CHRD)[ii]
Netizens Threatened and Subjected to “Soft Detention” as Ai Weiwei Holds Dinner Gathering in Hangzhou
Between May 6 and 8, 32 netizens and activists in Zhejiang Province were “invited for tea” or telephoned by the police to warn them against attending a dinner gathering with Beijing artist and activist Ai Weiwei (艾未未) scheduled for May 8 in a Hangzhou restaurant. About 200 netizens attended the dinner nonetheless, but a couple of activists, Wen Kejian (温克坚) and Wu Weimin (邬为民), were subjected to “soft detention” and prevented from leaving their homes. Two police vehicles were observed parked outside of the restaurant and the dinner was reportedly filmed by the police. (CHRD)[iii]
Freedom of Religion
Guangzhou House Church Prevented from Entering Rented Venue for Mass
On May 2, members of Liangren Church (良人教会), a Christian house church based in Guangzhou, found the door to the venue they had rented for Sunday mass was locked. According to church members, the Guangzhou authorities in-charge of religious affairs had ordered the landlord to do so. As a result, the members had to hold the mass outdoors and the next one will be held at the Guangzhou People’s Park. (CHRD)[iv]
Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Man Dies in Re-education through Labor Camp, Allegedly Tortured
On May 3, the family of Fu Changping (付昌平) was notified by the local authorities that the 27-year-old young man died while being held at Jixi City Re-education through Labor (RTL) camp in Heilongjiang Province. Although camp officials claimed that Fu died “normally,” his family found his body covered in cuts and bruises. They also obtained Fu’s medical record when he first entered the camp 24 days before his death, which showed that he was perfectly healthy. The RTL authorities told the family that they would not receive any compensation if they insist that Fu was beaten to death. Fu was taken into custody on March 17, after he got drunk and smashed some glass panels at his home. He was given five days of administrative detention, followed by one year of RTL. (CHRD)[v]
Hunan Veterans Beaten for Making Enquiries at Civil Affairs Office
CHRD learned on May 5 that a veteran from the Sino-Vietnam War was beaten by over 20 officials when he made enquiries at the Civil Affairs Office in Jinfeng Township, Xinhua County, Hunan Province. On March 23, Liu Jiayuan (刘甲元) and three others were asking about government policies regarding subsidies for veterans, when they broke into an argument with the head of the office. Twenty township officials were summoned, who dragged Liu out of the office and beat and kicked him for half an hour. The men stopped only when the police appeared, but the police did not arrest the assailants. Liu sustains injuries to his head, neck, chest and back. (CHRD)[vi]
Arbitrary Detention
Prisoner of Conscience Yang Tianshui Critically Ill
Family members of imprisoned dissident Yang Tianshui (杨天水) report that they have been unable to obtain any information regarding his health as of May 7, seven days into his hunger strike in Nanjing Prison. Yang began his latest hunger strike on May 1 to coincide with the opening of the Shanghai World Expo and protest officials’ continued refusal to grant him release on medical parole or provide adequate medical treatment. Yang, a longtime dissident and author of numerous political essays, suffers from tuberculosis, diabetes, kidney inflammation, and high blood pressure. He has been given some basic treatment by prison doctors recently but has not been allowed to seek specialized treatment outside of the facilities as his condition has worsened. He is currently serving a 12-year prison sentence for “inciting subversion of state power.” (CHRD)[vii]
Doctors Telephone Wife of Imprisoned Activist Xie Fulin to Relay Concerns about His Health
On May 6, Jin Yan (金焰), wife of imprisoned human rights defender Xie Fulin (谢福林), received a phone call from a doctor at Changsha City Detention Center informing her that her husband was once again seriously ill. The doctor told Jin that Xie’s blood pressure is dangerously high and asked her to bring him medication. Jin worries that Xie is given inadequate treatment and that he may be at risk of suffering another stroke as a result. In the last few days, Jin has applied to the authorities in Changsha for her husband’s release on medical parole; however, she does not know the status of her application. Xie was sentenced to six years in prison along with his brother Xie Shulin (谢樹林) for “stealing electricity,” a case believed to be brought in retaliation against Xie for his rights activism. Xie is a human rights defender and signatory to Charter 08 who has participated in activities with the Pan-Blue Alliance of Chinese Nationalists, a largely online virtual group that supports the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang). (CHRD)[viii]
Henan Digital Activist Ning Wenzhong Released After 11 Months of RTL
Zhengzhou City, Henan Province digital activist Ning Wenzhong (宁文忠) was released following 11 months of RTL on the afternoon of May 4. Ning, who was sent to RTL on June 19, 2009, was originally detained on June 3, 2009 after he posted an appeal online for people to lay flowers on Tiananmen Square in commemoration of the twentieth anniversary of the Tiananmen Massacre. According to Ning, he was allowed only four family visits during his 11 months of RTL. Ning was originally scheduled to be released on June 4, 2010; the reason for his early release is not currently known. (CHRD)[ix]
Beijing Activist Sentenced to Prison for Protests against Sun Dongdong in Spring 2009
On May 4, Beijing human rights activist Zhou Li (周莉) was sentenced to one year in prison for “creating a disturbance” and fined 2,000 RMB by the Chongwen District Court. Zhou, who was taken into detention on August 12, 2009, was charged with “creating a disturbance” in relation to protests against Sun Dongdong (孙东东), the Beijing University professor who claimed that “99% of petitioners suffer from mental illness.” According to court documents, Zhou traveled to Beijing University on a number of occasions between March 31 and April 10 to demand Sun perform a psychiatric evaluation on her in order to refute his claim. Zhou is currently deciding whether or not to appeal her conviction. (CHRD)[x]
Two Hubei Petitioners Begin Hunger Strike in Black Jail
CHRD learned on May 5 that Xiangfan City, Hubei Province petitioners Xu Wanying (许万英) and Xu Chunjing (徐春静) have begun a hunger strike while detained in a local black jail since April 13. Xu Wanying, who is 76 years old, is reportedly ill but not given any medical treatment. On April 13, she was seized at the Xiangfan train station by local officials en route to Wuhan City to petition. Xu Wanying has been petitioning for years on behalf of her son, whom she believes to have been murdered but whose case police have been unwilling to investigate. Further details regarding Xu Chunjing are not currently available; CHRD earlier reported that she was detained on April 14 while en route to Shanghai. (CHRD)[xi]
Six Guangxi Villagers Detained in Latest Action against Villagers Resisting Land Requisition
On May 8, six villagers were taken into custody for resisting land requisition in Baihutou Village, Yinhai District, Beihai City in Guangxi Province. One villager, Gao Shifu (高世福) had his home searched and his petitioning materials confiscated. The elected village committee director, Xu Kun (许坤), who has led the villagers in their efforts to resist the requisition, managed to escape. The operation was carried out by about 700 policemen and members of the Public Order Joint Defense team led by Party and government officials from Yinhai District as well as Beihai City. The villagers claim that between 2006 and 2007, without having consulted the villagers, the then-village committee director made an agreement to sell over 700 mu (about 115 hectares) of village land to the Beihai City Land Reserve. The villagers have been resisting the forced demolition of their homes and expropriation of the village land since then, and as a result have been detained and beaten by the local authorities. (CHRD)[xii]
Four Guangxi Petitioners Detained Following Group Protest
On the morning of May 7, a group of petitioners, estimated to number more than 300, gathered outside of a hotel in Nanning City, Guangxi Province, demanding to meet with members of a central government team on an inspection tour. Police dispersed the crowd around noon, taking away four petitioners. When fellow petitioners traveled to the police station where the four were being held to demand their release, more than 10 were seized and detained as well by police. Further details regarding those detained were not available at the time of writing. According to an eyewitness, the petitioners came from all over Guangxi Province to Nanning, and hundreds more were intercepted en route. The petitioners have been gathering outside of the hotel, where members of the inspection team are staying, since April 27. (CHRD)[xiii]
Sichuan Activist Chen Yunfei Detained, Beaten by Police
In the evening of May 7, Chen Yunfei (陈云飞), an activist from Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, was taken away by a number of policemen from his home. Chen was then taken to the home of an official of Qingliu Town in Chengdu City, where he was beaten by a number of unidentified individuals. Chen was released the next day, on May 8. The police did not give him any explanation but it is believed that his treatment was related to the upcoming anniversary of the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake on May 12. (CHRD)[xiv]
Guiyang Activists Detained and Interrogated about Commemorative Activities for Tiananmen Massacre
On the morning of May 9, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province human rights activists Liao Shuangyuan (廖双元) and Wu Yuqin (吴玉琴) were seized outside of their home by officers from the National Security Unit of the Guiyang Public Security Bureau (PSB) and taken into detention. Liao and Wu, who are married, were on their way to a meeting of the Guizhou Human Rights Forum, a loose circle of local activists, when they were detained. Police did not present any official documentation at the time which might have authorized their actions. Wu was released after 12 hours of interrogation while Liao was released the next day. According to Wu, police seemed mostly interested in learning whether members of the Forum were meeting to plan commemorative activities for the 21st anniversary of the Tiananmen Massacre on June 4. Other members of the Forum were also taken into custody, subjected to soft detention at home or otherwise prevented from attending the gathering on May 9. Huang Yanming (黄燕明) and Chen Xi (陈西), for example, were detained in police stations for 9 and about 12 hours respectively. (CHRD)[xv]
Beijing Activist Li Jinping Released after 10 Days of Detention in Black Jail
CHRD learned on May 10 that Beijing activist Li Jinping (李金平), who was seized in the early morning hours of April 28 by Chaoyang District National Security officers, was released on May 7 following 10 days of detention in a black jail. Li reported that he was not allowed to leave a closely guarded room for the duration of his detention, and was beaten and verbally abused by the individuals guarding him. It is believed that Li was detained for submitting an application to demonstrate for an official re-evaluation of the legacy of Zhao Ziyang (赵紫阳) a few days ago as well as for encouraging petitioners to join him to commemorate the former CCP Secretary known for his sympathy with demonstrators during the 1989 Tiananmen protests. (CHRD)[xvi]
World Expo Watch
- On April 30, CHRD reported that a group of 20 petitioners were intercepted by Shanghai police en route to visit the Expo. On May 4, CHRD learned that the petitioners were first detained in a centralized black jail in Shanghai on April 30, where they were roughly handled and given poor food. They were then handed over to officials from the Shanghai liaison offices of their local governments and were either detained in Shanghai or forcibly sent back to their hometowns. Petitioner Gao Huaqin (郜华勤), from Xinyang City, Henan Province, was sent back to Xinyang where he is subjected to five days of detention. Petitioner Peng Jingmei (彭静梅), from Datong City, Shanxi Province, is held at Shanghai Fenhe Hotel by Shanxi officials. The current whereabouts of the others are unknown. (CHRD)[xvii]
- Hebei petitioner Li Zhenzhong (李振忠) was seized by Shanghai police following a sweep of the hotel at which he was staying around midnight on April 30. The next day, Li was forcibly returned to his hometown outside of Cangzhou City, where he has been detained in a black jail by local officials. According to Li, he has been on a hunger strike for four days to protest his detention. Li stated that he began petitioning in 2006 after local officials detained him and later sent him to Re-education through Labor (RTL) due to a dispute over finances during his divorce proceedings. (CHRD)[xviii]
- One petitioner, Feng Yongji (冯永记), of Shihezi City, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, was violently attacked by ten police officers while illegally detained in Shanghai Liaison Office of the Shihezi City Government on May 1. She was beaten and kicked, sustaining injuries to her head and body, and subsequently denied medical treatment. On May 3, she was then forcibly returned to Shihezi City, where she was placed under 10 days of administrative detention for “disrupting the working order of the Shihezi City Shanghai Liaison Office.” Feng is currently detained in the Shihezi City Detention House. (CHRD)[xix]
- On May 9, CHRD learned of the case of Ding Qun (丁群), a petitioner from Shandong Province, who has been detained in a black jail along with her son since they arrived in Shanghai on April 30. The two have been petitioning since 2006, when Ding’s son was hit by a government vehicle. The driver and the government office responsible refused to pay his medical bills, and as a result he was unable to get proper treatment and left permanently disabled. Ding and her son traveled to Shanghai along with fellow petitioners, in hopes of drawing attention to their plight during the Expo. (CHRD)[xx]
Reproductive Rights
Officials Seize Villager of Property to Press his Brother for Family Planning Paperwork
CHRD learned on May 5 that officials at Shanzhen Town, Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province seized an electric car from a villager, Liu Wulin (廖木林), in order to pressure his migrant worker brother to send in his birth control paperwork. According to Liu, officials went to his home on April 28 demanding that his parents pay 2,000 RMB for his brother’s failure to turn in the paperwork. When the elderly couple said they did not have the money, officials took away Liu’s motor scooter, and threatened to demolish their home. When Liu’s family called the emergency hotline, the police refused to intervene. The officials told Liu that they have seized over a hundred of vehicles from families of villagers who fail to comply with family planning regulations. (CHRD)[xxi]
Law and Policy Watch
Ministry of Land and Resources Targets Houses with Limited Property Rights
According to a May 5 Xinhua report, the Ministry of Land and Resources, along with 13 other ministries, have created a working team to address the issue of “houses with limited property rights” (小产权房). Houses with limited property rights are those built on land owned by collectives, sometimes by developers who have struck a deal with local government officials. The houses are sold at a reduced price, but inhabitants of the houses are usually unable to obtain a legal residence permit from the central government. (Beijing News)[xxii]
Houses with limited property rights are developed and built on land that is owned collectively by the villagers. However, in practice, the sale of such land is often controlled by the Party and government officials at the village and township level. Villagers often have few choices but to agree to the sales, and once the land is sold they might receive only a small portion of the profits, if anything at all. Any policy decision made by the Ministry of Land and Resources should address the fundamental question of rural land ownership so that residents are not further deprived of their right to their land.
Ministry of Public Security Issues Regulations on Police Discipline
On May 4, Legal Daily reported that the Ministry of Public Security, in collaboration other ministries, had issued the first set of regulations on police discipline. The regulations, which go into effect on June 1, stipulate 76 offenses for police officers and their corresponding punishments. These regulations will join the regulations on police training, internal affairs, and encouragement and reward to constitute the four major regulations governing the country’s police force. (Legal Daily)[xxiii]
However, as with other laws and regulations promulgated in China purportedly to punish officials for their abuse of power, their impact is limited in practice as the police continue to serve as a tool of the government and as the lack of judicial independence makes it difficult for citizens to hold officials legally accountable for rights abuses.
Editors: David Smalls and Lin Sang
*** CHRD’s Human Rights Yearbook 2009 is now available. For a free copy, please contact us with your mailing address at crdnetwork@gmail.com. ***
Annual Report on the Situation of Human Rights Defenders in China (2009)
[i] “‘Revocation-gate’ Case: Lawyers’ Licenses of Tang Jitian, Liu Wei Revoked” (“吊照门”事件：唐吉田、刘巍两律师被正式吊销执业证), May 7, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100507122130_21116.html
[ii] CHRD, “Individuals from All Strata Harassed for Participating in an Information Exchange Meeting in Beijing ” (北京各界人士参加“4.16交流会”被骚扰), https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class71/201005/20100508172154_21133.html
[iii] CHRD, “Many ‘Invited for Tea’ due to Ai Wewei’s Twitter Fans Gathering in Hangzhou” (艾未未杭州推友会多人 因此“被喝茶”), https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class71/201005/20100509140952_21142.html
[iv] CHRD, “Guangzhou Liangren Church Forced to Hold Mass Outdoors” (广州良人教会被逼在露天敬拜), May 5, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100505011907_21071.html
[v] CHRD, “Fu Changping Beaten to Death by Heilongjiang Jixi Re-education through Labor Camp” (付昌平被黑龙江鸡西市劳教所活活打死), May 5, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/fmzj/201005/20100505013724_21074.html
[vi] Sino-Vietnam War Veteran Slapped on the Face and Threatened for Petitioning the Government (越战老兵上访被政府官员打耳光威胁), May 5, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100505205458_21098.html
[vii] “Yang Tianshui’s Prison Hunger Strike Proceeds in Sync with Shanghai World Expo, Enters Seventh Day” (杨天水狱中绝食与世博会同步：进入第七天), May 7, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class18/Class23/201005/20100507102808_21115.html
[viii] “Xie Fulin Once Again Critically Ill in Detention Center” (谢福林在看守所再次传出病危), May 6, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class18/xiefulin/201005/20100506164205_21106.html
[ix] “Henan Human Rights Activist Ning Wenzhong Released from Detention One Month Early” (河南维权人士宁文忠提前一月获释), May 5, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class18/ningwenzhong/201005/20100505095851_21082.html
[x] “Zhou Li Sentenced for Requesting Examination from Sun Dongdong” (周莉因要求孙东东看病被判刑), May 4, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100505021512_21078.html
[xi] “Hubei Petitioners Go on Hunger Strike in Black Jail” (湖北访民在黑监狱中绝食抗议), May 5, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100505230522_21100.html
[xii] CHRD, “Baihutou Village, Beihai City in Guangxi Province surrounded and attacked by hundreds of policemen, a number of villagers were arrested” (广西北海白虎头村遭数百警察围攻 多名村民被抓), May 9, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100509165617_21144.html
[xiii] “Hundreds of Petitioners Present Grievances in Nanning, Guangxi; Many Seized” (广西南宁数百访民请愿多 人被抓), May 10, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100510002523_21153.html
[xiv] CHRD, “Chen Yunfei went on a hunger strike and refused to drink water after he was kidnapped and beaten by the police” (陈云飞被警察绑架施暴后绝食绝水), May 9, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100509003028_21138.html
[xv] “Liao Shuangyuan Deprived of Freedom for More than 24 Hours by National Security Officers” (廖双元被国 保非法剥夺自由超过24小时), May 10, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100510120004_21157.html; “Guizhou Human Rights Defenders Liao Shuangyuan and Wife Illegally Detained by National Security Officers” (贵州人权捍卫者廖双元夫妇被国保非法拘押), May 10, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100510101031_21154.html; CHRD, “Guizhou Dissident Huang Yanming on Hunger Strike to Protest Police’s Illegal Detention” (贵州异议人士黄燕明以绝食抗议 警方非法拘禁), May 9, 2010, http://ww2.crd-net.org/Article/Class18/Huangyanming/201005/20100509211028_21148.html
[xvi] “Beijing Activist Li Jinping Detained in Black Jail” (北京维权人士李金平被关黑监狱), May 10, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100510224815_21163.html
[xvii] CHRD, Petitioners Kidnapped and Detained for Attempting to Visit the Shanghai Expo (前往上海欲参观世博会的访民被绑架、拘留), May 4, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/fmzj/201005/20100505012459_21073.html
[xviii] “Hebei Petitioner Li Zhenzhong Begins Hunger Strike to Protest Illegal Detention” (河北访民李振忠绝食抗议非法拘禁), May 5, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/fmzj/201005/20100505143931_21093.html
[xix] “Petitioner Feng Yongji Beaten and Detained in Shanghai for Visiting Expo” (参观世博会访民冯永记在上海被打伤后又遭拘留), May 4, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100505081447_21079.html
[xx] “Government Driver Causes Accident, Injured Child Does Not Receive Adequate Treatment” (政府机关司 机酿事故，受害儿童得不到救治), May 10, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100510204503_21161.html
[xxi] “Jiangxi Villager Maliciously Robbed by Family Planning Officials” (江西村民遭遇“计生办”恶性抢劫), May 5, 2010, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/201005/20100505143641_21092.html
[xxii] “Plan Being Formulated to Deal With Houses With Limited Property Rights” (小产权房整治方案正在制订), May 5, 2010, http://epaper.bjnews.com.cn/html/2010-05/05/content_96407.htm?div=-1
[xxiii] “Seventy-Six Article ‘Charm for Controlling Someone’ Embodies Strict Management” (76条“紧箍咒”体现从严治警), May 4, 2010, http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/bm/content/2010-05/05/content_2132538.htm?node=20729