China Human Rights Briefing September 14-21, 2010
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September 14-21, 2010
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Highlights
- Young AIDS Activist Goes on Trial: AIDS activist Tian Xi (田喜) was tried for “intentional destruction of property” in Henan Province on September 21. About a hundred netizens and activists arrived to show their support, protesting against the government’s persecution of the young man, who contracted the disease as a boy by a tainted blood transfusion. The verdict will be issued as a later date.
- China Democracy Party Organizer Released: Wu Yilong (吴义龙), one of the organizers of the China Democracy Party (CDP), was released from Zhejiang Province Number One Prison after serving an 11-year sentence for “subversion of state power” on September 14. The day before, another CDP organizer from Zhejiang Province, Chen Shuqing (陈树庆) was also released after serving his full sentence. In about two months’ time, a third CDP organizer, Qin Yongmin (秦永敏), will be released following a 12-year sentence.
- Activists Detained and Warned during Anti-Japan Protests: On September 18, day of the anti-Japan protests in China, at least nine activists and petitioner in Beijing and Guangzhou were detained, put under house arrest or warned to prevent them from participating in the protests.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Arbitrary Detention
Young AIDS Activist Tian Xi on Trial
Lawyer Sentenced to 2.5 Years for “Causing Bodily Harm due to Negligence”
Elderly Hubei Petitioner Beaten and Detained
Guilin Court Upholds Conviction of Villager for “Undermining Elections”
Case against Baihutou Village Chief Xu Kun Returned for Supplementary Investigation
Shandong Court Hears Landmark Case by Petitioner Challenging Detention in Black Jail
China Democracy Party Organizer Wu Yilong Released after 11 Years in Prison
Shandong Activist Chen Guangcheng Continues to be Under House Arrest
Guangdong Petitioner Missing Four Days after Being Seized by Police
Freedom of Assembly and Association
Petitioner and Activist Detained for Participating in Anti-Japan Protests
Activists Warned and Subjected to Soft Detention during Day of Anti-Japan Protests
Court to Deliver Verdict against Chengdu Court Protestors
Activist Detained for Ten Days for Sending Twitter Messages about Cantonese Protests
Forced Eviction and Demolition
Fujian Villagers Beaten and Detained for Resisting Forced Land Seizure
Three Village Representatives Detained for Petitioning about Forced Land Seizure
Harassment of Activists
Human Rights Lawyer Jiang Tianyong and Family Harassed, Threatened
Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Husband and Son of Petitioner who Died in Black Jail Disappeared, Feared Detained
Police Admits that Man Was Beaten to Vegetative State by Fellow Detainees in Detention Center
Shanxi Man Dies in Detention Center, Family Challenges Claim of Suicide
CHRD Report to UN Committee against Torture Highlights Issues the Chinese Government Should be Asked to Address in its Next Periodic Report
Arbitrary Detention
Young AIDS Activist Tian Xi on Trial
On September 21, young AIDS activist Tian Xi (田喜) was tried for “intentional destruction of property” by the Xincai County People’s Court in Zhumadian City, Henan Province. The trial lasted for about 3.5 hours and the verdict will be issued at a later date. About a hundred supporters arrived and 70 of them attended the trial. Tian, who appeared to be weak and emotional during the trial, was represented by Beijing lawyer Liang Xiaojun (梁小军). Following the trial, Tian’s mother was forced into a vehicle and driven away by officials from Xincai government, while a dozen unidentified men threatened and tried to seize the video camera of activist and filmmaker He Yang (何杨). In the ensuing struggle one activist, Gao Jian (高键), had his hand injured. Policemen outside the courthouse looked on and did not intervene.
Tian, who is 23 years old, contracted AIDS as a boy as the result of a blood transfusion. According to Tian’s father, Tian was lured back to Xincai County, Henan from Beijing by the county Party secretary, who promised to resolve his case. However, once Tian returned, he was treated dismissively and ignored by both the Party secretary and the director of Number One People’s Hospital, with whom Tian had gone to speak about obtaining more medicine. Following an argument with the hospital director in which he allegedly broke some tea cups and other office items, Tian was seized by local police on August 6. On August 23, Tian was formally arrested. He is currently being held in the Shangcai County Detention Center in Henan (CHRD)[i]
Lawyer Sentenced to 2.5 Years for “Causing Bodily Harm due to Negligence”
Beijing lawyer Wang Yu (王宇) was sentenced to 2.5 years in prison for “causing bodily harm due to negligence” on September 21 following a re-trial of her case by the Tianjin Railway Court. Wang says she will appeal the verdict. On May 4, 2008, Wang got into a dispute with four railway workers at the Tianjin West Railway Station. Wang, who said she was hit by the workers, was later seized and charged with “intentional injury.” She was tried on July 15, 2009 and later sentenced to 3 years in prison by the Tianjin Railway Court. However, the judgment was overturned by the Beijing Railway Intermediate Court on August 10, 2010, which ordered a re-trial of the case due to “insufficient evidence.” Wang’s supporters and fellow lawyers have argued that it is unconstitutional for the railway system to run a parallel system of police, procuratorate and courts, and that Wang’s case is a perfect example of how easily the system is abused to persecute individuals who irk railway officials. (CHRD)[ii]
Elderly Hubei Petitioner Beaten and Detained
On September 19, Xu Wanying (许万英), an elderly petitioner from Xiangfan City in Hubei Province was seized and taken away for attempting to distribute leaflets in Tiananmen Square about the injustices she has suffered. Xu’s whereabouts are currently unknown and fellow petitioners are worried about her, particularly her health. Xu has been petitioning for years on behalf of her son, whom she believes to have been murdered but whose case police have been unwilling to investigate. (CHRD)[iii]
Guilin Court Upholds Conviction of Villager for “Undermining Elections”
CHRD learned on September 16 that the Guilin City Intermediate Court in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region had upheld the conviction of Quanzhou County villager Wang Bingrong (王兵荣) for “undermining elections.” Wang had appealed his conviction on August 24, but neither his lawyer nor his family received any notification from the Guilin City Intermediate Court regarding the case until the verdict was delivered to Wang’s wife on September 16. According to Wang’s lawyer and wife, each time they asked the court for information after August 24 they were told that “the case had not yet been transferred to the court.” Wang was taken into police custody on March 27, 2010 and charged with attacking election officials, destroying ballot boxes and tearing over a hundred ballots during an election of the local people’s congresses at the county and township levels on September 15, 2006. However, Wang claimed that he merely confronted the election officials and demanded that they explain a number of procedural violations. When the officials refused to answer Wang’s questions, arguments broke out, followed by some pushing and shoving on both sides. (CHRD)[iv]
Case against Baihutou Village Chief Xu Kun Returned for Supplementary Investigation
CHRD learned on September 17 that the case against Baihutou Village chief Xu Kun (许坤) and co-defendants Gao Shifu (高世福) and Zhang Chunqiong (张春琼) was returned to the police on the morning of September 16 for supplementary investigation. Xu and the others were detained in May 2010 on charges of “operating an illegal business.” All of the detained villagers were active in resisting forced evictions; local officials have been trying to requisition beachfront property upon which these villagers had operated small businesses to supplement their meager income from fishing. Baihutou Village is located in Beihai City, Guangxi Province. (CHRD)[v]
Shandong Court Hears Landmark Case by Petitioner Challenging Detention in Black Jail
On September 14, the Lixia District Court in Jinan City, Shandong Province heard a lawsuit brought by Li Hongwei (李红卫) against the Lixia District people’s government. Li, who is being represented in court by lawyer Ni Wenhua (倪文华), was detained for 17 days in a black jail located in Jinan’s Dongyi Guesthouse by Lixia officials in late February and early March 2010. To counter her accusation that she was held in an illegal detention center, the government is arguing that it was providing Li with “free room and board” while offering her a “legal education class.”
This is one of the first lawsuits brought by a petitioner against the government for illegal detention in a black jail that was accepted and heard in a Chinese court. In 2009, a guard at a Beijing black jail was sentenced to eight years for raping a young woman held in the jail, Li Ruirui (李蕊蕊). However, the court did not address the legality of the detention or the responsibility of the Henan government, which ran the jail. (CHRD)[vi]
China Democracy Party Organizer Wu Yilong Released after 11 Years in Prison
On the morning of September 14, democracy activist Wu Yilong (吴义龙) was released from Zhejiang Province Number One Prison after serving an 11-year sentence for “subversion of state power.” According to relatives, Wu is in relatively good mental and physical health. Wu, an organizer for the China Democracy Party (CDP) and spokesperson for the CDP’s Zhejiang Provincial Preparatory Committee, was sentenced to 11 years in prison in October 1999. Though he was eligible for release on parole as early as November 2008, Wu served his entire term because he refused to “admit his guilt” to prison officials. (CHRD)[vii]
Shandong Activist Chen Guangcheng Continues to be Under House Arrest
Nearly a week has passed since the well-known human rights activist Chen Guangcheng (陈光诚) was released from Linyi Prison in Shandong Province, yet he and his wife are still held in their homes and not allowed to step out even for basic necessities such as food, according to fellow activist Zeng Jinyan (曾金燕). Even more worryingly, is that Chen has been barred from seeking medical attention as he continues to suffer from an unknown intestinal ailment that has inflicted him since July 2008. Reportedly, Chen’s brother has been prevented from visiting the couple in the last few days. (Zeng Jinyan)[viii]
Guangdong Petitioner Missing Four Days after Being Seized by Police
According to reports received by CHRD, Guangdong petitioner Ma Shengfen (马胜芬) has been missing since she was seized by police on September 10 in Guangzhou for trying to submit a lawsuit against the Guangzhou government. Ma’s family has not received any notice regarding her detention.
Ma, a migrant worker, filed a lawsuit with local courts after she was denied wages owed to her and later attacked by hit men dispatched by her employer; she began petitioning for redress after losing that suit. She has been beaten by police on a number of occasions while petitioning. (CHRD)[ix]
Freedom of Assembly and Association
Petitioner and Activist Detained for Participating in Anti-Japan Protests
On September 18, Shenzhen petitioner Yuan Peiwei (袁佩玮) and Hunan activist Xiao Yong (肖勇) were detained for participating in the anti-Japan protests in Beijing and Guangzhou, respectively.
l In Beijing, Yuan was seized during the demonstration and was held over 12 hours at Chaowai Police Station before she was released. Yuan and a fellow petitioner went to apply for a permit to demonstrate at the Beijing Public Security Bureau (PSB) the day before, but their application was rejected.
l In Guangzhou, Xiao was seized on his way to the protest, and punished with 15 days of administrative detention for “inciting illegal protests.” Xiao is currently held at Shangshe Detention House in Guangzhou. (CHRD)[x]
Activists Warned and Subjected to Soft Detention during Day of Anti-Japan Protests
A number of human rights activists were put under “soft detention” to prevent them from participating or documenting the anti-Japan protests on September 18. Beijing-based activists Zhang Hui (张辉), Teng Biao (滕彪), A’er (阿尔) and Wang Lihong (王荔蕻) were subjected to soft detention in their homes by Beijing police while Guangzhou-based activists Xiao Yong (肖勇), Tang Jingling (唐荆陵) and Bei Fang (北风) were briefly taken away and warned against participating in the protests by the Guangzhou police. (CHRD and CRLW)[xi]
Court to Deliver Verdict against Chengdu Court Protestors
According to Civil Rights and Livelihood Watch (CRLW), the verdict in the case against ten protestors and activists arrested following a February 2009 demonstration outside of the Chengdu City Intermediate Court will be announced at 9:30am on September 28 at Leshan City Intermediate People’s Court in Sichuan Province. The ten defendants—Bao Junsheng (鲍俊生), Huang Xiaomin (黄晓敏), Xing Qingxian (幸清贤), Lu Dachun (陆大椿), Yan Wenhan (严文汉), Ceng Rongkang (曾荣康), Liu Jiwei (刘继伟), Zeng Li (曾理), Yang Jiurong (杨久荣), and Xu Chongli (徐崇丽), were tried for “assembling a crowd to disrupt social order” on April 7, 2010. It has been more than 18 months since the ten were detained after chaining themselves together to protest what they believed to be unfair rulings handed down by the court over the years on February 23, 2009. At least one defendant, Zeng Li, has been released on bail to await trial. (CRLW)[xii]
Activist Detained for Ten Days for Sending Twitter Messages about Cantonese Protests
According to Civil Rights and Livelihood Watch, Guangdong activist Zheng Chuangtian (郑创添) was seized on his way to the anti-Japan protest in Guangzhou on September 18 and then given ten days of administrative detention. Reportedly, Zheng was punished for sending Twitter messages calling on people to participate in the protests to support Cantonese in Guangzhou in late July. It is unclear where Zheng is currently held. (CRLW)[xiii]
Forced Eviction and Demolition
Fujian Villagers Beaten and Detained for Resisting Forced Land Seizure
CHRD learned on September 19 that a group of villagers were beaten and detained for resisting the forced seizure of their farmland by the local government in Nan’an City, Fujian Province. On September 16, the Party secretary of the subdistrict office in Ximei Town, Nan’an City led a group of government employees and unidentified men to seize the land from villagers in Pengmei Village, Ximei Town. At least four villagers were seriously beaten and some had their bones broken, including one 78-year-old man, while two were taken into police custody. The villagers allege that their farmland have been seized without proper procedures by the government officials for their personal gains. (CHRD)[xiv]
Three Village Representatives Detained for Petitioning about Forced Land Seizure
CHRD learned on September 20 that a village representative has been administratively detained while two more have disappeared and are feared detained in Ande Town, Chengdu City. According to Civil Rights and Livelihood Watch (CRLW), Tang Zhangquan (唐章全) was given 15 days of administrative detention on September 17. Tang Fulin (唐福林) disappeared on September 16 after he went to meet with the head of the local police station while Luo Yuqin (罗玉琴) disappeared on September 20, both are believed to be detained. The villagers have been petitioning repeatedly about the forced seizure of their farmland four years ago. They allege that the government has provided them with insufficient compensation at a level substantially lower than the standards stipulated in the relevant government regulations, and that they have not been shown the legal documents that might have authorized the seizure. (CHRD and CRLW)[xv]
Harassment of Activists
Human Rights Lawyer Jiang Tianyong and Family Harassed, Threatened
CHRD learned on September 15 that Beijing human rights lawyer Jiang Tianyong (江天勇) and his family have been harassed and threatened repeatedly over the past few days. He has received threatening messages on his cell phone, followed by unidentified individuals, had his email inbox hacked and emails deleted, and been called in for “tea” with police on numerous occasions recently. On September 14, Jiang and his family discovered that the lock on the door to their apartment had been filled; unable to gain entry to their home, they were forced to spend the night elsewhere. In the early hours of September 15, Jiang reported the incident and other harassment to the Beijing police, but the latter refused to investigate or handle the matter. The policemen at the door claimed that they were off duty but during the hour Jiang spent in the police station, men in plainclothes appeared to film Jiang as he argued to get his case filed. (CHRD)[xvi]
Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Husband and Son of Petitioner who Died in Black Jail Disappeared, Feared Detained
CHRD learned on September 21 that the husband and son of Li Shulian (李淑莲), a petitioner from Longkou City, Shandong Province who died while detained in a black jail a year ago, have been “missing” for three months since they went petitioning in Beijing on June 6. Fellow activists and Li’s family believe that the two are detained by Longkou City government. Li’s daughter is in hiding for fear of persecution by the local government, while Li’s sister was beaten and had her finger broken by guards at the Longkou City government building for enquiring about the two on July 6.
Li died about a year ago in a black jail in Longkou City after she was kidnapped in Beijing by interceptors dispatched by the Longkou government on September 3, 2009 and forcibly sent back to her hometown. Officials have declared Li’s death to be a “suicide by hanging” and have since been blocking activists’ efforts to investigate the death. (CHRD)[xvii]
Police Admits that Man Was Beaten to Vegetative State by Fellow Detainees in Detention Center
According to an article dated September 20 by Legal Daily, Yingshang County Public Security Bureau in Anhui Province admitted that a young man who was seriously injured in the county’s detention center was beaten by five fellow detainees. Wang Enhui (王恩会), who has been detained since February 4 on suspicion of robbery, was rushed into the hospital on August 13 and has since remains in a vegetative state. According to Wang’s family, they were first told by staff at the detention center that Wang “fell after suffering from a heat stroke,” but later the vice-head of the county’s Public Security Bureau admitted that he was beaten by five fellow detainees. However, the detention center refused to allow Wang’s family to view footage from the surveillance camera that would have captured the beating. The police said they are paying for Wang’s treatment, have temporarily suspended two policemen who were on duty at the time and will investigate the incident further. Wang’s uncle said that Wang told him of beatings in the center when they met during his trial on July 28, following which the uncle called the detention center and complained about the beatings, but the authorities apparently took no action to remedy the situation. (Guangxi News Net and Legal Daily)[xviii]
Shanxi Man Dies in Detention Center, Family Challenges Claim of Suicide
CHRD learned on September 14 that detainee Ren Aiguo (任爱国) was discovered dead in a detention center located in Heshun County, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province on August 8, 2010. An inspection team organized by local officials ruled that the death was a suicide by hanging, but Ren’s family has challenged that assessment, claiming that the inspectors ignored critical problems they raised regarding the death and failed to properly investigate the incident. At the center of the family’s concerns is the lack of surveillance footage from Ren’s death; though the room in the detention center where Ren was found is equipped with a video camera, the inspection team claimed that all of the monitoring equipment in the facility had been out of service since July 20. The family, who saw Ren only two days prior to his death, have also questioned the origins of the material allegedly used to hang Ren, as well as why doors leading into Ren’s cell were open when he was discovered. His relatives were not notified officially by the detention center of his death, but rather learned about it through other sources and had to travel to the facility to verify it for themselves. (CHRD)[xix]
CHRD Report to UN Committee against Torture Highlights Issues the Chinese Government Should be Asked to Address in its Next Periodic Report
With China’s fifth periodic report to the Committee against Torture (CAT) upcoming, many key problems raised by CAT in 2008 as it considered China’s fourth periodic report have yet to be adequately addressed. In a report to CAT submitted on September 8, CHRD outlines a number of issues and cases for the Committee to include in the List of Issues that the Chinese government will be requested to address in its next report. Click here to read more.
Editors: David Smalls and Lin Sang
News updates from CHRD
Annual Report on the Situation of Human Rights Defenders in China (2009)
[i] “Tian Xi ‘Intentional Destruction of Properties’ Trial Ended, Activists Beaten (田喜“故意毁坏财物”案庭审结束，维权人士被殴打),” September 21, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009211302.shtml; “AIDS Activist Tian Xi’s Trial Opens, Supporters Had Their IDs Checked (爱滋病维权人士田喜案开庭，声援者被查验身份证), September 21, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009211123.shtml; “Henan AIDS Activist Tian Xi’s Trial Opens, Court Implements Traffic Control (河南艾滋维权人士田喜案开庭,法院前实行交通管制), September 21, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009211017.shtml
[ii] “Lawyer Wang Yu’s Alleged Crime Changed from ‘Intentional Harm’ to ‘Causing Bodily Harm’ (律师王宇“故意伤害”案二审改为“过失伤害”),” September 21, 2010,
http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009211405.shtml
[iii] “Hubei Petitioner Xu Wanying Seized for Attempting to Distribute Leaflets in Tiananmen Square (湖北访民许万英在天安门欲撒材料时被抓),” September 19, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009191606.shtml
[iv] “Verdict Delievered in Quanzhou, Guangxi ‘Wang Bingrong Elections Case’ Second-Instance Trial Without Notifying Family or Lawer” (广西 全州 “王兵荣选举案”二审在未通知家属与律师下作出判决), September 16, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009161649.shtml
[v] “Beihai ‘Xu Kun Frame-up Case’ Returned for Supplementary Investigation” (北海 “许 坤构陷案”退回补充侦查), September 17, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009171239.shtml
[vi] “Li Hongwei, of Jinan, Sues Black Jail, Retains Lawyer Ni Wenhua” (济南李红卫诉黑监狱，委托倪文华代理), September 14, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009142337.shtml
[vii] “Wu Yilong Released from Prison, Meets with Friends and Family There to Greet Him” (吴义龙出狱，与迎接他的家人朋友会合), September 14, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009140901.shtml
[viii] Liaoliao Yuan, “Chen Guangcheng out of Jail, His Entire Family is now Under House Arrest (陈光诚出监狱，全家坐家牢),” September 14, 2010, http://zengjinyan.spaces.live.com/
[ix] “Guangdong Petitioner Ma Shengfen Missing after Being Taken Away by Police” (广东访民马胜芬被派出所带走后失踪), September 14, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009142118.shtml
[x] “Shenzhen Victim of Injustice Yuan Peiwei Detained by the Police for Participating in the September 18 Demonstrations (深圳冤民袁佩玮因参与“9.18游行”被警察抓走),” September 21, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009212114.shtml; “Hunan Lawyer Wu Zhenqi Went to Visit Xiao Yong in Detention House (湖南律师吴镇琦前去拘留所会见了肖勇),” September 18, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009182209.shtml; “Activist Xiao Yong Administratively Detained in Guangzhou (维权人士肖勇在广州被行政拘留),” September 18, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009182121.shtml
[xi] CHRD, “Anniversary of September 18, Many Rights Activists Subjected to Restrictions of Liberty (9.18纪念日，各地维权人士被限制自由),” September 18, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009181012.shtml; Civil Rights and Livelihood Watch, “Activists Subjected to Soft Detention and Taken away for ‘Tea’ on September 18 (九•一八维权人士纷纷被“上岗”“ 喝茶”),” September 18, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009181011.shtml
[xii] “Verdict to be Delivered on September 28 for Defendants in Sichuan Court Protests (四川“链子门”案9月28日将宣判),” September 21, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009211203.shtml
[xiii] CRLW, “Zheng Chuangtian, a Guangdong Activist Who Supported Cantonese, Detained (广东撑粤语维权人士郑创添被拘留),” September 19, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009191305.shtml
[xiv] “Police and Triads Work Together to Suppress Villagers Defending Their Land (福建南安市警察和黑社会联合镇压护地村民),” September 20, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009202245.shtml
[xv] “Chengdu Pi County Several Hundreds of Villagers Who Have Lost Land Petitioned Repeatedly; Two Representatives Disappeared (成都郫县几百名失地农民数次上访 两名维权代表失踪),” September 20, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009202207.shtml; CRLW, “Chengdu Pi County Representative of Farmers Who Have Lost Land, Tang Zhangquan, Has Been Detained (成都郫县失地农民代表唐章全被拘留),” September 19, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009191306.shtml
[xvi] “Human Rights Lawyer Jiang Tianyong Repeatedly Harassed, Survival Environment Worthy of Consideration” (人权律师江天勇屡遭骚扰，生存环境堪忧), September 15, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009151052.shtml
[xvii] “A Year Since Shandong Petitioner Li Shulian ‘Committed Suicide,’ Family Disappeared for Three Months (山东访民李淑莲被自杀一年，亲属失踪3个月),” September 20, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009201126.shtml
[xviii]“Detainee in Yingshang County Detention Center Beaten and Injured; Procuratorate Has Launched Comprehensive Investigation of the Responsibility of Four Policemen on Duty (颍上县看守所在押人员被殴伤: 检察机关对当班4名监管民警进行全面调查),” September 20, 2010, http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/index/content/2010-09/20/content_2295701.htm?node=20908; “Youth Beaten to Vegetative State in Detention Center; Authorities Refuse to Make Public Footage from Surveillance Camera (少年看守所内被打成植物人 官方拒公布监控录像),” September 20, 2010, http://news.163.com/10/0920/13/6H1FB56300011229.html
[xix] “Shanxi Man Dies in Detention Cetner, Family Challenges Cause of Death” (山西男子看守所死亡，亲属质疑死因), September 15, 2010, http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2010/09/201009151733.shtml
