China Human Rights Briefing February 28-March 5, 2012
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February 28-March 5, 2012
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Top News
- Government Suppression Marks “Two Meetings”: To “maintain stability” around the “Two Meetings” in Beijing, Chinese authorities have intensified suppression of dissidents, activists, and petitioners in the capital and elsewhere. CHRD released a statement (in Chinese) protesting the rights deprivations that have been reported, and called for the government to show accountability for violations and to improve conditions for human rights and civil society.
- Jasmine Detainee Reportedly Sentenced, Few Details Available: Harbin-based netizen Liang Haiyi, detained on suspicion of “inciting subversion of state power” during the Jasmine Crackdown, was reportedly sentenced last year after her trial in August, but details of her punishment are unknown.Under constant pressure from police, family members and friends have been reluctant to share information about Liang’s case since she was taken into custody over a year ago.
Contents
Arbitrary Detention
- Updates on Detentions and Disappearances Related to Jasmine Crackdown
Harbin Netizen Liang Haiyi Reportedly Sentenced Last Year, Punishment Unknown
- Internet Café Manager-Website Organizer Detained Four Months for “Inciting Subversion”
- Henan Police Criminally Detain Activist, Confiscate Large Amount of Property
- Jiangxi Activist Li Sihua Detained After Trip Abroad; Other Jiangxi Activists Also Held
- Two Fujian Petitioners Detained After Expressing Grievance in Front of US Embassy, Including One Who Ingested Pesticide
- Shandong Police Give 15-Day Detention to Petitioner for Online Activities
Harassment of Activists
- Huge Mobilization of Resources Suppress Activists, Petitioners Around “Two Meetings”
- Henan AIDS Sufferers Blocked, Some Beaten When Seeking Justice in Beijing
Local People’s Congress Elections Watch
- Harassment of Independent Candidates, Lack of Publicity Mar Chengdu Elections
Special Notice
- CHRD Statement Decries Suppression of Activists, Petitioners During Two Meetings, Calls For Political Reforms, Accountability
Arbitrary Detention
Updates on Detentions and Disappearances Related to Jasmine Crackdown
Harbin Netizen Liang Haiyi Reportedly Sentenced Last Year, Punishment Unknown
CHRD has learned that Harbin-based netizen Liang Haiyi (梁海怡, aka Miaoxiao [渺小]), was reportedly issued a sentence for “inciting subversion of state power” after going to trial last summer, but Liang’s family has not revealed her punishment. In late December, Guangzhou lawyer Tang Jingling (唐荆陵)found out from Liang’s ex-husband that the Harbin Intermediate People’s Court, which tried Liang in August, had already issued a sentence to her, but that Tang should ask Liang’s family for more details. The lawyer has been unable to reach the family to confirm the news or obtain more information. Since Liang was taken into custody over a year ago, her family members and friends have been reluctant to discuss her case due to pressure from police. Lawyers Liang Xiaojun (梁小军)and Wu Zhenqi (吴镇琦)have both approached the family about defending Liang Haiyi but neither has been hired as counsel.Liang Haiyi was taken in for questioning on February 20, 2011, and criminally detained two days later on suspicion of “inciting subversion,” allegedly for “posting information from foreign websites regarding ‘Jasmine Revolution’ actions on domestic websites” such as QQ, a Chinese social networking site. Authorities have reportedly pushed her to sign a confession, which she has refused to do. (CHRD)[1]
Internet Café Manager-Website Organizer Detained Four Months for “Inciting Subversion”
Cao Haibo (曹海波), a manager of an Internet café in Yunnan Province and organizer of a website that promotes democracy, has now been detained for over four months, reportedly on charges of “inciting subversion of state power.” Cao’s wife, who recently gave birth to a child, has not received correspondence from him since November and does not know about her husband’s current situation. Cao is being detained at the Shanxi Detention Center in Kunming. Like many families of detainees, Cao’s wife and their child are facing tough financial straits. Cao’s work has been the major source of income for the household, and his wife is unable to work as she recuperates from giving birth and takes care of her newborn. Previously, she had received donations from netizens but gave most of those funds to her detained husband.On October 21, 2011, national security officers from the Kunming Public Security Bureautook Cao into custody, and he was arrested on November 25. On the day he was seized, officersalso searched Cao’s home and confiscated cell phones, desktop computers, a laptop, and USB drives, among other items. (CHRD)[2]
Henan Police Criminally Detain Activist, Confiscate Large Amount of Property
On February 28, police in Henan Province criminally detained rights activist Zhou Decai (周德才)on suspicion of “gathering a crowd to disrupt social order,” according to Zhou’s wife, Liu Baoqin (刘保琴), who received a detention noticethe next day. Before being taken into custody, Zhou reportedly was preparing to attend a labor rights defense seminar in Beijing about tobacco industry workers who have been bought out by their companies. Zhou is being held at the Luoshan County Detention Center. On the day Zhou was seized, nearly20 Gushi County public security officers came to his home, and some conducted a search and confiscated a computer, a USB drive, computer discs, books, election promotion materials, a bank card, and an address book, along with other items. About 10 officers came back later that night and searched the home again. At that time, police warned Zhou’s wife not to contact his friends, refused to indicate where they had taken her husband, and failed to produce documents authorizing the searches.Zhou Decai has been a grassroots organizer and activist for more than a decade. Gushi authorities have detained Zhou before for his rights defense and pro-democracy activities, which have included organizing peasants to seek justice over land rights issues, assisting tobacco workers in seeking compensation after they were laid off, and running in local People’s Congress elections. (CHRD)[3]
Jiangxi Activist Li Sihua Detained After Trip Abroad; Other Jiangxi Activists Also Held
Jiangxi activist and independent People’s Congress candidate Li Sihua (李思华)has been detained since returning from abroad on February 25, and other activists from his home province have also been rounded up by authorities. After Li landed at the Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport on his way back from a human rights training program, airport security intercepted him, conducted a strip search, took photographs, and seized his luggage, which included UN human rights materials. He was then handed over to national security officers from his hometown of Xinyu City, who held him for two days without providing valid documentation authorizing their actions. On the second day of his detention, two police officers entered his home secretly and searched his personal items. After Li was released, he asked why she had been detained and also for the return of possessions that had been confiscated. “Security maintenance” officers in Xinyu then took him into custody again, on March 2, and placed him in a black jail, where he is currently being held with activist-petitioner Peng Xinlian (彭新莲). On February 29, another independent candidate and activist from Jiangxi, Wei Zhongping (魏忠平), was also sent to a black jail. It is believed that authorities have detained them in part due to an emphasis on “maintaining stability” around the time of the Two Meetings being held in Beijing. (CHRD)[4]
Two Fujian Petitioners Detained After Expressing Grievance in Front of US Embassy, Including One Who Ingested Pesticide
Two Fujian petitioners have been given administrative detentions after petitioning in front of the US Embassy in Beijing, including one, Wang Weizhu (王尾珠), who had ingested pesticide after growing distraught over her plight. On February 27, Wang was among nine petitioners who went to the embassy, desperately wishing to expose judicial corruption in Sanming City that reportedly had allowed her son’s alleged killers to get off with minor punishments. Wang has also been unable to bear at the violent treatment she has received during her attempts to petition. After she began drinking the pesticide last week, police in front of the embassy intervened and took her to a hospital for treatment. When she left the hospital, Wang was taken back to Suining and given a 15-day detention, which she is serving at the Yong’an Detention House. On March 3, she reportedly made a call from the facility and said that she had been on a hunger strike for five days. Wu Jiawang (吴家旺), a disabled petitioner from Fuqing City who had been with Wang in front of the US Embassy, was also given a 10-day detention for expressing a grievance. Two other petitioners are also believed detained, though details of their detention are currently unclear. (CHRD)[5]
Shandong Police Give 15-Day Detention to Petitioner for Online Activities
CHRD has learned that Shandong authorities have issued a 15-day administrative detention to petitioner Jing Meijie (荆美杰), likely stemming from her online activities. On February 28, public security officers from Laizhou City came to Jing’s home and demanded she let them inside, but she refused. Another officer pressured her about undergoing questioning the next day. Soon after, the chief of the Wenchang District Police Station brought over officers who broke Jing’s front door in, entered her residence, and took her to the station, where she was questioned about who had helped her spread certain information online. After holding Jing for one day, police took her to the Laizhou City Detention Center and issued her the 15-day detention. While detained, Jing is reportedly is not being given adequate nutrition and was initially held by herself even though the space can hold eight individuals and nearby cells have more than 60 detainees. On March 2, another Laizhou petitioner, Yang Guihua (杨贵华), was reportedly placed in the cell with Jing; Yang had been forcibly returned to the city after going to Beijing to petition just prior to the Two Meetings.In the past, Wenchang police allegedly lost Jing Meijie’s household registration, which left her without valid identification and, among other problems, prevented her children from entering a school. Jing began to petition over the matter and was detained three times in 2011 by the Laizhou PSB. She was also charged with “fraud” last year, and was released on bail this January. (CHRD)[6]
Other recent news:
“Wenzhou Writer Zhou Nan Administratively Detained For Forwarding Blog Content” (温州作家周难在QQ群转发微博消息被行政拘留), March 5, 2012, CHRD
Harassment of Activists
Huge Mobilization of Resources Suppress Activists, Petitioners Around “Two Meetings”
With the “Two Meetings”—the National People’s Congress and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference—opening in Beijing in early March, activists and petitioners in Beijing and around China have faced intense suppression in their right defense work and freedom of movement. This year, perhaps an unprecedented amount of money and personnel have been put to use to “maintain stability” during this time. According to official statistics, nearly three quarters of a million personnel, including security guards and officials usually not involved in “stability maintenance,” have been mobilized in Beijing to help safeguard security for the period around the Two Meetings.[7]The following actions have recently been taken by authorities against Beijing residents, including several prominent individuals:
- On February 28, police questioned Beijing constitutional scholar and human rights expert Zhang Zuhua (张祖桦), who later found a greater presence of police officers and vehicles outside of his home than usual. When Zhang went out, he was more closely followed and subjected to greater restrictions to his movements.
- Since February 29, police have been guarding the home entrances of, among other dissidents, Zha Jianguo (查建国), Hu Shigen (胡石根), Gao Hongming (高洪明), He Depu (何德普), and Xu Yonghai (徐咏海). This past weekend, police prevented Hu Shigen from going to a Bible study group, insisting that he could not leave his residence.
- Since just prior to the Two Meetings, human rights lawyers Teng Biao (滕彪), Jiang Tianyong (江天勇), and Xu Zhiyong (许志永), a founder of the banned Open Constitution Initiative, have been summoned by police or faced other restrictions on their movements.
- Beijing-based writer Woeser (唯色)and her husband, writer Wang Lixiong (王力雄), have been under tight monitoring at home since the beginning of February. They have needed the permission of police to leave their residence and are followed by guards when they venture out.
- On February 29, several policemen and guards were stationed outside the Beijing home of Zhang Shufeng (张淑风) and Zhang Deli (张德利), a couple who has petitioned against forced evictions and demolitions.
- Since March 1, Beijing rights activist Wu Tianli (吴田丽)has been monitored around-the-clock, with “stability maintenance” personnel stationed near her home in Fengtai District. The “security” presence is particularly oppressive since only Wu now lives in her compound, which is slated for demolition, after other residents moved away.
Below are more accounts of violations faced by activists and petitioners during this “sensitive” period, along with links to further information.
- On February 27, national security officers in Hunan Province warned rights activists Xiang Changfa (向长发)and Hu Rongsheng (胡荣圣) not to give interviews to overseas media looking to cover rights defense efforts in Hongjiang City. Officers also explicitly warned Xiang not to go to Beijing to petition during the Two Meetings.
- Yu Tong’an (余同安)and Tan Xihong (谭锡鸿), parents from Guangdong of children disabled after receiving inoculations, were intercepted in Beijing on February 27 and sent back home after trying to seek justice over their children’s health problems. Before they went to Beijing, an individual claiming to be an official from the Jiangmen City government called and warned them not to go. After the two reached the capital, several officials from Guangdong as well as Beijing security personnel found them in a guesthouse, took away their cell phones, and dragged them off to a black jail. The next day, the two parents were sent back to Guangzhou by plane.
- On February 27, “security maintenance” personnel in Beijing alerted Jiangsu authorities about several Wuyi City petitioners who had arrived in the capital. The group of 11 petitioners was immediately forcibly taken back to Wuyi the same evening, reportedly because the Jiangsu Liaison Office was too crowded with petitioners who were already in illegal detention there. The group subsequently fell out of contact. The group was reportedly seized in Beijing after contacting local guesthouses, which are being closely monitored around this time.
- Authorities in Shanghai have recently placed activist Feng Zhenghu (冯正虎)under 24-hour surveillance—stationing officers outside his residence—and also searched his home. On February 29, security guards and plainclothes individuals cordoned off the area leading to Feng’s home and blocked petitioners from visiting him, but the petitioners later saw Feng after helping him break through the police cordon. The next day, national security officers searched Feng’s home and confiscated several items, including two computers, a scanner, four cell phones, and books. Told by officers that they are just taking orders from above, Feng has maintained that he has no interest in going to Beijing during this time.
- Shandong authorities in Laizhou City threatened several particularly active petitioners on February 28, warning them not to go to Beijing during the Two Meetings. Authorities also “promised” to help resolve their grievances once the Two Meetings were over.
- On February 28, Fujian authorities in Lianjiang County took in for questioning businessman Huang Caipiao (黄财漂), who has been detained around most “sensitive” times over the past decade even though he had ceased petitioning 10 years ago. Lianjiang County Public Security Bureau personnel claim that Huang is being interrogated about an incident from two years ago. Police have reportedly told his family that Huang has been given a 15-day administrative detention, which would set his release for after the conclusion of the Two Meetings.
- In Wuhan, the couple Hu Guohong (胡国红) and Cheng Xue (程雪), rights defenders who have often been held under soft detention in their home, have lately faced even tighter restrictions. Authorities have dispatched four groups of individuals—each numbering more than 10 people—to take shifts around their home and tightly monitor them.
- In Shehong County in Sichuan, teachers who work at minban schools—schools not operated by the state—many of whom have disputes with the government over benefits and pay, were recently put under monitoring and not allowed to leave their homes after planning to go to Beijing to petition.
- On March 2, two security guards who had come to the home of Guangzhou youth activist Yang Chong (杨崇)informed him they had been dispatched to “guard his door.” Last year, Yang had participated in events related to International Human Rights Day and also the massive protests in Wukan Village that erupted after corrupt land deals orchestrated by local officials. Yang’s soft detention may have come about since authorities have been concerned that local netizens may put on events in Guangzhou during the Two Meetings.
- Five Hubei petitioners who reached Beijing on March 3 only to be intercepted by authorities were sent back to Shiyan City and then detained in a “legal education class,” a black jail. Reportedly, the petitioners will be held until the conclusion of the Two Meetings.
- On March 4, police officers in Beijing seized more than 10 activists from Hunan and Jiangxi who work on anti-corruption issues and detained them at Jinxing Police Station in Daxing District. At the station, the activists went through body searches and had their luggage searched and cell phones briefly confiscated.
- On March 5, more than 100 petitioners from Shanghai were seized and placed in Jiujingzhuang, a central black jail in Beijing. In addition, a half-dozen Shanghai petitioners taken into custody in the capital on March 3 were subsequently sent back home; one was detained in a black jail while others were sent to “travel” or placed under soft detention at home.
- On March 5, Shanghai petitioner Chang Xiongfa (常雄发)went to Beijing and reached the front entrance of the Great Hall of the People, where he was planning to submit grievance materials to officials. However, armed police forces intercepted and took Chang into custody, and at the time of writing Chang was being held at the Tiananmen Square Police Station. (CHRD, HRCC, CRLW)[8]
More related news:
“To Avoid Authorities, Group of Wuhan Petitioners Successfully Change Train Three Times to Reach Beijing, Inner Mongolia Petitioner Detained” (武汉又一批访民换三次车成功进京内蒙访民被抓走), March 2, 2012, CRLW
“More Than 20 Shanghai Petitioners Held For Hours After Preparing to Submit Administrative Lawsuit Paperwork” (上海20多名访民欲递交诉讼请愿书被关押数小时), March 2, 2012, CHRD
“Hefei Petitioner Zhao Wenxiang Forced to ‘Travel’ During Two Meetings” (两会期间合肥访民赵文祥被强制旅游), March 3, 2012, CHRD
“Shaoyang, Henan Petitioners Xie Zhou, Yin Jiyun Detained Together” (湖南邵阳访民谢周、殷继云一起被关押), March 4, 2012, CHRD
“Petitioners Renting in Beijing Again Taken Into Custody” (租住在北京吕村的访民再遭抓捕), March 5, 2012, CHRD
“During Two Meetings, Chengdu Petitioners Intercepted, Face Controls” (两会期间成都访民被截访后受到严控), March 5, 2012, CHRD
“Tianjin Activist Zhang Jianzhong Put Under Soft Detention at Home” (天津维权人士张建中被软禁家中), March 5, 2012, CHRD
“CHRD Network: Protest Authorities’ Heightened Pressure on Activists, Great Number of Petitioners During ‘Two Meetings’ Period” (维权网：抗议当局在“两会”期间加强打压维权人士和广大访民)
Henan AIDS Sufferers Blocked, Some Beaten When Seeking Justice in Beijing
AIDS sufferers from Henan Province recently converged on the capital to seek justice after having contracted the virus from tainted blood supplies, but authorities largely obstructed their rights defense efforts. On March 2, 60 to 70 AIDS sufferers reportedly went to the Supreme People’s Court, where they were told by a court staff member that their complaint had already been escalated to the next level and that they could await a response. The group was originally about 150 in number, but more than half had been intercepted and blocked from going to the court. The day before, more than 100 AIDS sufferers went to the Ministry of Health to seek improved treatments, greater levels of assistance, and funding for treating hepatitis C—improvements promised earlier by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (温家宝)to AIDS victims from Henan. An altercation broke out with police at the Ministry of Health, however, and four of the people with AIDS were beaten badly enough to require medical treatment in a hospital. Henan authorities based in Beijing reportedly made preparations to cover the hospital expenses of these individuals. Later on, local interceptors seized some of the AIDS sufferers as others were reportedly still heading to the capital to seek justice. (CHRD)[9]
Local People’s Congress Elections Watch
Harassment of Independent Candidates, Lack of Publicity Mar Chengdu Elections
People’s Congress elections in Chengdu, held on February 27, were reportedly fraught with rights and procedural violations. Independent candidates faced widespread harassment and voting was conducted without sufficient publicity and oversight. Elections in many districts were poorly publicized; with no clear public announcement of voting locations, local residents had to figure out where to vote based on word-of-mouth information. In a number of districts, election officials even offered small sums of money to local residents to entice them to vote.While going to and from the polls, several independent candidates were followed by unidentified individuals likely dispatched by authorities. For no clear reason, people also took photos of independent candidates as they voted. Activist Chen Qian (陈茜), an independent candidate in Jinniu District, reported that she was placed under surveillance from the previous day. Government officials and police officers from Qingyang District took independent candidate Wang Rongwen (王荣文) to a voting location, forced her to cast her ballot, and then dragged her away. Wang remains out of contact at the time of writing, and her whereabouts are unknown.There was also no way to guarantee voter secrecy, and residents were unable to oversee vote tabulation because of a lack of knowledge about when and where votes would be counted. On voting day, Chen Qian asked where votes in Jinniu District were being tallied, but an election worker refused to tell her. Results of the Jinniu election revealed that Party candidates favored by the local elections committee received a huge majority of the votes. According to the totals, other candidates, who were not allowed to run in the election as formal candidates, at most received four write-in votes. Although Chen Qian actively publicized her candidacy and had received verbal support from many citizens, it was publicly announced that she received only two write-in votes. It is possible her supporters were unable to cast ballots because some were threatened while some had inadequate information about voting times and locations. (CHRD)[10]
Special Notice
CHRD Statement Decries Suppression of Activists, Petitioners During Two Meetings, Calls For Political Reforms, Accountability
On March 5, Chinese Human Rights Defenders issued a statement (in Chinese) condemning the widespread suppression of human rights activists and petitioners around the time of the annual “Two Meetings” in Beijing. The statement runs down a number of individuals recently subjected to heightened police harassment, as well as particular actions employed by authorities and the enormous amount of resources expended to “maintain stability” around this “sensitive” period.In the statement, CHRD made wide-ranging demands: stop the suppression of activists, dissidents, and petitioners, and have authorities responsible for rights deprivations be held accountable and provide compensation to individuals whose rights are violated; provide channels for the expression of public opinion at the Two Meetings, publicize detailed information about National People’s Congress (NPC) representatives, and put in practice the right of citizens to participate in government; and promote political reform, including true direct elections of NPC representatives and a constitutional judicial system, while eliminating the Re-education through Labor system, media censorship, the household registration system, and other systems that undermine rule-of-law principles as well as regulations and policies that run counter to the spirit of human rights. (CHRD)[11]
Editors: Victor Clemens and Wang Songlian
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[1]“Liang Haiyi Issued Sentence, Was Arrested for Spreading Word of ‘Jasmine Rally’ Online” (因网传茉莉花集会被逮捕的梁海怡获刑), February 29, 2012, CHRD; “Liang Haiyi ‘Inciting Subversion’ Case Has Been Transferred to Court,” (梁海怡“煽动颠覆国家政权”案已移交到法院), August 30, 2011, CHRD; “Harbin Netizen Liang Haiyi in Custody Over Five Months,” (哈尔滨网民梁海怡被羁押逾5个月), August 3, 2011, CHRD
[2]“Cao Haibo Detained for Four Months, Wife and Child in Urgent Need of Assistance” (曹海波被羁押4个月，妻儿急需社会救助), February 29, 2012, CHRD; Jiangsu Netizen Cao Haibo Summoned and Home Searched for Suspicion of “Inciting Subversion of State Power” (江苏网友曹海波在昆明被以涉嫌“煽动颠覆国家政权” 带走), October 21, 2011
[3]“Henan Rights Defender Zhou Decai Criminally Detained for ‘Gathering Crowd to Disrupt Social Order’” (河南维权人士周德才被以涉嫌“聚众扰乱社会秩序罪”刑拘), March 1, 2012, CHRD; “Rights Activist From Gushi County, Henan, Zhou Decai, Taken Away by Police, Has Home Searched”(河南固始县维权人士周德才被警方抓走并抄家), February 28, 2012, CHRD
[4]“Xinyu, Jiangxi Rights Activists Li Sihua, Wei Zhongping & Others Put Under ‘Soft Detention’” (江西新余维权人士李思华、魏忠平等被软禁), March 2, 2012, CHRD; “Independent Candidate Li Sihua Taken Away by Police at Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport (Part 1)” (独立参选人李思华在广州白云机场被“警方”带走（之一）), February 29, 2012, CHRD
[5]“Fujian Petitioners Given Detentions After Trying to Alert Foreign Interests” (福建冤民“告洋状”纷纷被拘留), March 3, 2012, CHRD;“Nine Fujian Petitioners Gather in Front of US Embassy to Seek Justice, Wang Weizhu Ingests Pesticide in Suicide Attempt” (福建9冤民两会前集体到美使馆喊冤王尾珠喝农药自杀), February 27, 2012, CHRD
[6]“Shandong Petitioner Yang Guihua Seized in Beijing, Detained in Laizhou City Detention Center” (山东女访民杨贵华上北京被捉关在莱州市拘留所), March 3, 2012, CHRD; “Authorities Issue 15-Day Detention to Laizhou, Shandong Petitioner Jing Meijie” (山东莱州访民荆美杰被当地公安拘留15天), March 2, 2012, CHRD; “Laizhou, Shandong Petitioners Jing Meijie, Zhang Ruilian Taken Away By Police, Whereabouts Unknown” (山东莱州访民荆美杰、张瑞莲被公安带走下落不明), March 1, 2012, CHRD
[7]“Beijing Municipality More than 700,000 Community Forces Participate in Maintaining Security” (北京市70余万群防群治力量参与安保), March 2, 2012, Jinghua Times
[8]“National Security Officers Interrogate Hongjiang, Hunan Rights Activist Prior to ‘Two Meetings’ in Beijing” (湖南洪江市维权人士两会前被国保约谈), February 27, 2012, CHRD; “Before the ‘Two Meetings,’ Parents of Children Disabled Through Tainted Inoculations Seek Explanations in Beijing, Are Blocked and Sent Back Home” (疫苗受害儿童家长两会北京讨说法被截回), March 1, 2012, CHRD; “Wuyi Rights Activist Yuan Tianfang Held in Rural Guesthouse in Changxing County” (无锡维权人士袁天放被流放长兴县农家乐), February 29, 2012, HRCC; “Shanghai Rights Activist Feng Zhenghu Has Home Searched” (上海维权人士冯正虎被抄家), March 1, 2012, CHRD;“Shanghai Police Cordon Off Entrance to Home of Feng Zhenghu” (上海警察在冯正虎家门口拉起警戒线), March 1, 2012, CHRD; “Authorities in Pinglidian Town, Laizhou, Shandong Warn Petitioners Not to Go to Beijing During ‘Two Meetings’” (山东莱州平里店镇政府威胁访民“两会”期间不准上访), March 1, 2012, CHRD; “Around ‘Two Meetings,’ Rights Activist Across China Face Monitoring, Control” (“两会”临近各地维权民众纷纷被监控上岗), February 29, 2012, CRLW;“Like Clockwork, Huang Caipiao Summoned For Questioning During ‘Two Meetings’ Period” (黄财漂一如既往在“两会”时期被公安传唤), February 29, 2012, HRCC; “Monitoring, Control, Black Jails: This Year’s ‘Two Meetings’ Becomes Best Time For Human Rights” (监控加黑监狱，将今年“两会”演变成又一个人权最好时期), March 1, 2012, CHRD; “Beijing Dissidents Face Restrictions on Freedom During Two Meetings” (两会期间，北京异议人士被限制人身自由), March 5, 2012, CHRD; “Guangzhou Youth Rights Activist Yang Chong Placed Under ‘Soft Detention’ At Home Due to ‘Two Meetings’” (因“两会”广州维权青年杨崇被软禁), March 2, 2012, CHRD; “Shiyan City Government Holds Petitioners in ‘Legal Education Class’ During Two Meetings” (两会期间访民被十堰市政府关进“法教班”), March 5, 2012, CHRD; “Hubei Petitioner Liu Yujie, Others Arrive in Beijing to Submit Materials, Are Intercepted and Sent Back During Two Meetings” (湖北访民刘玉洁等人进京上书两会遭绑架遣返), March 4, 2012, CHRD; “Several Members of Anti-Corruption Alliance Held in Beijing Police Station” (反腐联盟多名成员在北京被抓进派出所), March 5, 2012, CHRD; “Two Meetings Chronicle of Shanghai Petitioners: More Than 100 Held in Jiujingzhuang Black Jail” (两会上海访民实记――百余人被关押久敬庄), March 5, 2012, CHRD; “Shanghai Petitioner Chang Xiongfa Detained While Submitting Grievance Materials During Two Meetings” (上海访民常雄发向“两会”递交申诉状被抓), March 5, 2012, CHRD
[9]“More Than 100 Henan AIDS Carriers Go To Beijing to Defend Their Rights, Several Seized” (河南一百多名艾滋病人进京维权，多人被截访), March 3, 2012, CHRD
[10]“Qingyang District, Chengdu Independent Candidate Wang Rongwen Goes Missing Right After Voting”(成都青羊区独立候选人王荣文竞选投票后失踪), March 2, 2012, CHRD; “Election Committee in Jinniu District, Chengdu Organizes Illegal Election” (成都金牛区选举委员会组织非法选举), February 29, 2012, CHRD; “Chenghua District, Chengdu Election Committee Distributes Money to Attract Residents to Vote” (成都成华区选举委员会现场发钱吸引选民投票), February 28, 2012, CHRD; “Many Independent Candidates Face Monitoring, Are Followed on Chengdu’s People’s Congress Election Day” (成都选举人大代表投票日，多名独立候选人遭监视、跟踪), February 27, 2012, CHRD
[11]“CHRD Network: Protest Authorities’ Heightened Pressure on Activists, Great Number of Petitioners During ‘Two Meetings’ Period” (维权网：抗议当局在“两会”期间加强打压维权人士和广大访民), March 5, 2012, CHRD
