China Human Rights Briefing August 1-15, 2008
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Reporting human rights development from the grassroots
August 1-15, 2008
Please click here for the full China Human Rights Briefing in PDF
Highlights
- · As the world is captivated by the Olympics, behind the scenes and censored in the Chinese media, an unrelenting and sweeping crackdown on human rights activists, dissident intellectuals, activists and petitioners is taking place in Beijing and elsewhere in China.
- · Despite promises of freedom of the press and of assembly to the International Olympics Committee (IOC) and the international community by the Chinese government, individuals are being detained for speaking with foreign journalists and punished for applying to protest at the three official “Protest Zones”.
- · Meanwhile, detained activists such as Huang Qi, Liu Jie and Ren Shangyan continue to languish in prison for exposing human rights violations and official corruption. Huang is still denied access to legal counsel and Liu denied access to medical treatment, while Ren has been detained for three months without charge or access to legal counsel.
Table of Contents
Freedom of Expression. 2
Internet Publication Reportedly Attacked by Authorities. 2
Internet Censorship Strictly Enforced Despite Some Lifting of Blockade. 3
Internet Forum Users Face Stricter Censorship during the Olympics. 3
Petitioners against Forced Eviction Detained for Giving Press Interviews. 3
Hubei Petitioner Detained for Press Interview.. 3
Freedom of Association/Assembly. 3
Individuals Punished for Applying to Protest despite Promise of Freedom of Assembly. 3
Persecution and Harassment of Rights Activists. 4
Democracy Activists Arrested. 4
Head of China Federation of Christian House Churches Detained. 4
Internet Reporter Ren Shangyan Detained in Jiamusi Detention Center 4
Human Rights Defender Huang Qi Still Denied Access to Lawyers. 4
Activists Forced to Leave Beijing for the Olympics. 4
Activists in Beijing under Surveillance and Monitoring for the Olympics. 5
Activists in Many Places under Surveillance and Monitoring for the Olympics. 5
Beijing Activist Zeng Jinyan Disappeared on Eve of Olympics Opening Ceremony. 5
Second Trial of Shenzhen Lawyer Liu Yao Set to Open on August 18. 5
Persecution and Harassment of Petitioners. 6
Petitioner in Beijing Forcibly Sent Home and Detained. 6
Hunan Petitioner Incarcerated and Beaten in “Black Jail”. 6
HIV/AIDS Patients Intercepted and Sent to Jail for Petitioning. 6
Disabled Petitioner under House Arrest during the Olympics. 6
Petitioner Sent to RTL for Petitioning prior to the Olympics. 7
Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment 7
Petitioner Beaten by Thugs on Orders of Government Official 7
Heilongjiang Petitioner and Activist Liu Jie on Hunger Strike. 7
Citizen Actions. 7
University Professor Hu Xingdou Calls for Abolition of “Hukou”. 7
Policy and Regulation Watch. 7
Gansu Draft Law Punishes Sex-Selection Abortion. 8
New Regulations Punish Officials for Mishandling Letters and Visits. 8
Shenzhen Implements New System of Residency Permits. 8
Regulations for the Registration and Management of Social Organizations under Amendment 8
Notable CHRD Publications. 8
CHRD’s Alternative Guide to the Beijing Olympics. 8
CHRD Releases China Human Rights Yearbook (2007-2008) 9
Freedom of Expression
Internet Publication Reportedly Attacked by Authorities
In a public letter dated July 29, News Week (yizhou xinwen), an online publication focusing on forced evictions and citizen actions to defend civil rights, reported official interference in its operations. News Week has suffered internet attacks which paralyzed its five computers and delayed the delivery of its electronic publications. Some of News Week’s staff have also been warned by police from the National Security Unit under local Public Security Bureaus (PSB). (News Week)[i]
Internet Censorship Strictly Enforced Despite Some Lifting of Blockade
On July 31, CHRD learned that although the government has temporarily lifted the blockade of the websites of Voice of America (VOA), Radio Free Asia (RFA), British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), and several other overseas media, many websites considered “politically sensitive” or “anti-China” continue to be firewalled, including those of CHRD, Dajiyuan, 64tianwang.com and Boxun. (CHRD)[ii]
Internet Forum Users Face Stricter Censorship during the Olympics
CHRD learned in early August that Chinese internet users are being subjected to much stricter censorship during the Olympics. For example, Xinwang Hulian, an Internet Service Provider (ISP), recently released an “Urgent Notice Regarding the Safety of Information on Internet Sites” which states, “To ensure the safety of information on the internet during the Beijing Olympics and in accordance with requests from higher authorities, Xinwang Hulian will conduct a safety inspection of its sites…This inspection includes review of websites’ content…and expansion of the selection of keywords for censorship”. Popular internet forums known for their political discussions, such as Tianyi, Tianya, China Reform Forum (zhongguo gaige luntan) and Ruisipinglun Xicihutong, have taken additional measures to restrict postings. Outspoken individuals who were active users of these forums are either barred from posting messages or have had their messages blocked due to “sensitive” content. (CHRD)[iii]
Petitioners against Forced Eviction Detained for Giving Press Interviews
On August 6, Zhang Wei (张薇) and Ma Xiulan (马秀兰) were detained on suspicion of “disturbing social order” for accepting interviews by foreign journalists on August 4. Zhang and Ma are part of a group of petitioners who have been seeking redress from higher authorities regarding the forcible demolition of their traditional Beijing homes in Qianmen district, an area renovated for the Olympics. On August 4, the group of petitioners was on their way back from petitioning the Letters and Visits Office of the Beijing Municipal Government when they met a group of foreign journalists. The petitioners told the journalists of their experience. Two days later, Zhang and Ma were detained. (CHRD)[iv]
Hubei Petitioner Detained for Press Interview
On July 29, Wang Guilan (王桂兰), a petitioner and activist from Enshi City, Hubei Province, was criminally detained on suspicion of “disturbing social order”. Wang is believed to have been put under criminal detention for answering a phone call from a foreign journalist on July 27. At the time she took the call from the journalist, Wang was already being detained in a “black jail”—an illegal and secret detention facility–, where she had been since April 17, to prevent her from “making trouble” during the Olympics. It appears that she has been criminally detained in retaliation for the interview. (CHRD)[v]
Freedom of Association/Assembly
Individuals Punished for Applying to Protest despite Promise of Freedom of Assembly
On July 23, the Beijing Olympics Committee announced that three Beijing parks had been officially designated as “Protest Zones”. To protest, individuals have to apply for permission to the Beijing Public Security Bureau (PSB) Law and Order Corps (北京公安局治安总 队) five days in advance. CHRD has documented many cases of individuals who have had their applications rejected, including He Xiuli (何秀丽), Ge Yifei (葛亦菲), Chen Yunfei (陈云飞), Tang Xuecheng (唐学成), Dan Chun (单春), Li Jincheng (李金成) and Ji Sizun (纪斯尊). Some were even sent back to their hometowns, where they have been subjected to residential surveillance and monitoring. (CHRD)[vi]
Persecution and Harassment of Rights Activists
Democracy Activists Arrested
On July 31, CHRD learned that Wang Rongqing (王荣清), a member of China Democracy Party Zhejiang Branch, was formally arrested on charges of “inciting subversion of state power”. Days later, on August 2, Xie Changfa (谢长发), another member of China Democracy Party based in Changsha City, Hunan Province, was also formally arrested on “inciting subversion of state power”. Wang and Xie, both veteran democracy activists, are believed to have been arrested in connection with their activities associated with the China Democracy Party. (CHRD)[vii]
Head of China Federation of Christian House Churches Detained
On August 6, Zhang Mingxuan (张明选), pastor and head of China Federation of Christian House Churches, was taken into police custody together with his wife, Xie Fenglan (谢丰兰), and a colleague, Wu Jianghe (吴江河). They are being detained by police from Zhengzhou City PSB in Henan Province and are being held at Zhengzhou Jingbalu Police Station. It is unclear why they are being detained. (CHRD)[viii]
Internet Reporter Ren Shangyan Detained in Jiamusi Detention Center
CHRD discovered on August 16 that Ren Shanyan (任尚燕), Assistant Director of China Justice Advocacy Web (中华申正网) under detention since May 16, is held at Jiamusi Detention Center in Heilongjiang Province.
Ren was detained on May 16 by police from Shuangyashan PSB in Heilongjiang while investigating accusations of nepotism made by a disabled resident of Shuangyashan against Wang Yijun (王义军), Vice-Chief of the Anti-Corruption Bureau under the Procuratorate of Lingdong District, Shuangyashan City. Three months after her detention, Ren’s family still have not received a formal detention notice. (CHRD)[ix]
Human Rights Defender Huang Qi Still Denied Access to Lawyers
Huang Qi (黄琦), director of Tianwang Human Rights Center (www.64tianwang.com) under detention since June 10, is still being denied access to legal counsel. On August 14, Huang’s lawyer, Mo Shaoping (莫少平), filed a formal request to visit him. This is the second formal request made by Mo. The first, made on July 22, has received no response. (CHRD)[x]
Activists Forced to Leave Beijing for the Olympics
CHRD learned in early August that prominent members of the Tiananmen Mothers — relatives of those killed during the Tiananmen massacre– such as Ding Zilin (丁子霖) and Jiang Peikun (蒋培坤) have been pressured to leave Beijing. Qi Zhiyong (齐志勇), who was shot during the 1989 Tiananmen massacre and left disabled, was threatened with arrest if he did not leave the city prior to the start of the Olympics. All three are now somewhere outside of Beijing. (CHRD)[xi]
Activists in Beijing under Surveillance and Monitoring for the Olympics
CHRD also learned in early August that the following individuals in Beijing have been under residential surveillance and monitoring for the Olympics: Liu Xiaobo (刘晓波), an outspoken writer; Jiang Qisheng (江棋生), a former prisoner of conscience and scientist; Zhang Zhuhua (张祖桦), an independent intellectual; Yu Jie (余杰), an independent writer and house church activist; Liu Junning (刘军宁), an independent scholar; Zhou Li (周莉), a housing rights activist vocal against forced evictions related to the Olympics; Xu Yonghai (徐永海), a Christian activist. Beijing-based human rights lawyers, Li Fangping (李方平), Jiang Tianyong (江天勇) and Li Heping (李和平) have also been under residential surveillance while Gao Zhisheng (高智晟) and Teng Biao（滕彪）have been forced to remain silent. (CHRD)[xii]
Activists in Many Places under Surveillance and Monitoring for the Olympics
As China hosts the Olympics, many individuals are under tightened residential surveillance (house arrest) or police monitoring because of the Games. These include Zheng Enchong (郑 恩宠), a former human rights lawyer in Shanghai; Yao Lifa (姚 立法), a democracy activist from Hubei Province; Chen Xi (陈 西), a human rights activist from Guizhou Province; Yuan Weijing (袁伟静), wife of imprisoned human rights defender, Chen Guangcheng (陈光诚); Zhou Wei (皱 巍), a democracy activist in Zhejiang; Liu Zhengyou (刘正有), a petitioner from Sichuan Province, and many more. In Shandong, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi and Guangdong Provinces, the local National Security police have undertaken a systematic search for human rights defenders, dissidents and outspoken intellectuals, interrogated them, and warned them against speaking out during the Olympics. (CHRD)[xiii]
Beijing Activist Zeng Jinyan Disappeared on Eve of Olympics Opening Ceremony
On August 7, Zeng Jinyan (曾金燕), a Beijing-based human rights activist, disappeared. Prior to her disappearance, Zeng had been under intermittent residential surveillance for two years by police from the National Security Unit under Beijing PSB. Since her husband and fellow human rights activist, Hu Jia (胡佳) was taken into detention on December 27, 2007, Zeng had been under tightened residential surveillance. It is believed that Zeng was taken away to ensure that no journalists would have access to her and that she would be unable to speak out about Hu Jia during the Games. (CHRD)[xiv]
Second Trial of Shenzhen Lawyer Liu Yao Set to Open on August 18
CHRD learned on August 15 that the second trial of Shenzhen human rights lawyer, Liu Yao (刘尧), will be heard at 9 a.m. on August 18 at Heyuan Intermediate People’s Court, Guangdong Province. The Court intended to examine Liu’s case in a closed trial on the basis of documentary evidence only, but following pressure from Liu’s lawyer and other lawyers in China, the Court decided to hold an open trial.
In June, Liu was convicted of “damaging property” by Dongyuan County People’s Court in Guangdong Province and sentenced to four years in prison. Liu acted as a legal representative of villagers whose land had been forcibly appropriated for the construction of a local hydropower station in Dongyuan County, Heyuan City in Guangdong Province. The prosecution contended that Liu had gathered villagers to prevent the construction and damaged the station. Following the verdict, which was announced on August 4, a group of thirty-one Chinese lawyers released a public letter calling Liu’s trial unfair. The letter urged the Heyuan Intermediate People’s Court, which is to conduct a second trial, to conduct it in an open and fair manner. (CHRD and Rights Mailing Group) [xv]
Persecution and Harassment of Petitioners
Petitioner in Beijing Forcibly Sent Home and Detained
On August 5, Hu Shuzhen (胡淑珍), a petitioner from Yonghuo Village, Xuanhuo Township, Zhongwei City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, was caught by Ningxia interceptors while petitioning in Beijing and forcibly sent back to her hometown. Hu is now under residential surveillance (house arrest). Officials from Xuanhuo Township government and the local police searched Hu’s home and confiscated her petitioning materials and identification card. Hu, a veteran petitioner of local election irregularities, forcible land appropriation, corruption and pollution, has suffered repeated persecution for her activities, including being sent to fifteen months of Re-education Through Labor in 2006. (CHRD)[xvi]
Hunan Petitioner Incarcerated and Beaten in “Black Jail”
On August 4, Li Maofang (李毛芳), a petitioner against forcible demolition from Chaoyanger Village, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, was intercepted by officers from Changsha Beijing Liaison Office while petitioning in Beijing. Li was forcibly sent back to Changsha, where she was first interrogated at Changyanger Village Police Station and then detained at a “black jail” on the third floor of Jingtian Restaurant on Yuanda Road. The jail is fitted with a steel door and windows with steel bars and guarded around the clock by a dozen security guards and officials from the local court and the PSB. Petitioners held there are subjected to mistreatment and beatings. Li, for example, was dragged on the floor for attempting to go out of her room for a walk. (CHRD)[xvii]
HIV/AIDS Patients Intercepted and Sent to Jail for Petitioning
On August 14, nineteen HIV/AIDS patients from Minquan County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province were intercepted while on their way to petition in Beijing. They are now incarcerated in Pingtai Prison in Shangqiu City. The precise details of their incarceration remain unclear. (Henan Province Zhechang County Civic Foundation in AIDS Prevention and Control)
Disabled Petitioner under House Arrest during the Olympics
Since early August, Chen Xiujuan (陈秀娟), a petitioner from Laodong Village, Shengping Township, Anda City, Heilongjiang Province, has been put under residential surveillance to prevent her from petitioning higher authorities in Harbin or Beijing during the Olympics. Chen was put under residential surveillance immediately after her release from three years of Re-education through Labor. Chen started petitioning after the local government failed to resolve fairly a land dispute between Chen and a neighbor. In August 2005, Chen was sent to three years of RTL in Qiqihar RTL Camp. Chen fell and seriously hurt herself in the camp and became disabled after she was denied access to appropriate medical treatment. (CHRD)[xviii]
Petitioner Sent to RTL for Petitioning prior to the Olympics
On July 31, Ji Guiying (吉桂英), a petitioner from Chongchuan District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, was sent to one year of RTL for “using abnormal means to petition and damage public order” by Nantong City RTL Committee. Ji is a veteran petitioner who has been petitioning for appropriate compensation after her home was forcibly demolished by a Nantong property developer in 2002. Ji, together with other victims of forcible demolition from Nantong, petitioned in Beijing prior to the Olympics. They were intercepted and then forcibly sent back to Nantong, where they were held at Beige Inn, a local “black jail”. (CHRD)[xix]
Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
Petitioner Beaten by Thugs on Orders of Government Official
On August 1, Xie Shulin (谢树林), a petitioner and brother of democracy activist, Xie Fulin (谢福林), was beaten by a group of thugs on the orders of Jian, the Vice Secretary of the Committee on Politics and Law in Furong District, Changsha, capital of Hunan Province. Xie was visiting three friends and fellow petitioners, who were intercepted while petitioning in Beijing and forcibly returned to Changsha. The three friends are incarcerated at a “black jail” at Changsha Jintian Inn. While Xie was at the inn, Jian ordered a group of thugs to beat him. (CHRD)[xx]
Heilongjiang Petitioner and Activist Liu Jie on Hunger Strike
CHRD learned that Liu Jie (刘杰), a human rights activist and petitioner currently serving 18 months of Re-education through Labor (RTL), has been on a hunger strike since August 1. Liu is protesting against the RTL authorities for covering up her torture and for delaying her medical examination.
Authorities have denied Liu access to appropriate medical treatment even though she was diagnosed with a severe eye illness soon after she was sent to RTL on November 12, 2007. In early July 2008, Harbin Drug Rehabilitation Center, where Liu is held, promised her a medical examination. The examination has not yet occurred. In May 2008, Liu was also reportedly tortured. When higher authorities dispatched officials to investigate her complaint of torture, according to Liu, RTL guards colluded to cover up their crime. (CHRD)[xxi]
Citizen Actions
University Professor Hu Xingdou Calls for Abolition of “Hukou”
A professor at Beijing Institute of Technology, Hu Xingdou (胡星斗), issued a public letter on July 29 calling on China to abolish the “hukou” (household registration) system. Hu argues that the “hukou” system leads to social division and inequality, clashes with the market economy, is particularly unfair to citizens of rural residency, and violates China’s international commitments such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Instead of the “hukou” system, Hu suggests China adopt a national identification card system. (CHRD)[xxii]
Policy and Regulation Watch
Gansu Draft Law Punishes Sex-Selection Abortion
According to a Legal Daily report on July 28, the Gansu People’s Congress Standing Committee deliberated a draft law that would punish those who use ultrasound and other technologies to help pregnant women determine the sex of the fetus or to carry out sex-selective abortion. Individuals or groups could face a maximum fine of RMB 30,000, the cancellation of their licenses, and even criminal charges. According to the draft law, abortion clinics are not allowed to operate without the permission of the relevant departments. Also, women whose pregnancies have not violated the relevant family planning regulations are barred from abortion from 14 weeks of pregnancy onwards. (Legal Daily)[xxiii]
New Regulations Punish Officials for Mishandling Letters and Visits
Two regulations outlining sixteen kinds of punishable misconduct when party and government officials receive petitioners came into effect on July 24. For example, officials who use police weapons or other compulsory measures abusively in handling petitioners could be demoted or fired. (Xinhua)[xxiv]
Shenzhen Implements New System of Residency Permits
On August 1, Shenzhen implemented a new system of residency permits. Under the new system, Shenzhen residents over the age of 16 are eligible for Residency Permits if they work, invest, study or own properties and businesses in the city. Shenzhen residents not eligible for Residency Permits can only apply for Shenzhen Temporary Residency Permit. The Residency Permits store the permit-holders’ basic demographic information and can be accessed by various government departments. The new system is considered an improvement on the “hukou” system currently in place in the rest of China. The new system allows individuals who do not originally come from Shenzhen to acquire residency in the city relatively easily. (Legal Daily)[xxv]
Regulations for the Registration and Management of Social Organizations under Amendment
According to a Legal Daily article dated August 3, the “Regulations for the Registration and Management of Social Organizations” is currently being amended by the Legal Office of the State Council. The exact amendments are unclear but according to Wu Ming (吴明), a minister at the Legal Office of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, major amendments include “strengthening the corporate governance” of organizations such that they are “less dependent on government administrative agencies” and more involved in their own management. The amendments will also make the relationship between social organizations and the government more distant, from that of “direct leadership” to “indirect leadership”. Also, the amended Regulations might require organizations to make information transparent to the public and be audited to increase their public credibility. (Legal Daily)[xxvi]
Notable CHRD Publications
CHRD’s Alternative Guide to the Beijing Olympics
On August 6 and August 11, CHRD published Part I and II of CHRD’s Alternative Guide to the Beijing Olympics. The Guide provides visitors to the Olympics with a view that the meticulous planning of the authorities has attempted to hide—namely, human rights violations against dissidents, human rights activists, outspoken intellectuals and petitioners in the name of “Olympics security” and censorship of the internet and monitoring of telecommunications. (CHRD)[xxvii]
CHRD Releases China Human Rights Yearbook (2007-2008)
On August 6, CHRD releases its first China Human Rights Yearbook, which presents a review of some of the most pressing human rights issues facing China as it plays host to the 2008 Olympic Games. For a free copy of the Yearbook, please email your name and address to crdnetwork@gmail.com or networkcrd@gmail.com. The online version is available on CHRD’s website at https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class11/200808/20080807093200_9888.html
Editor: Wang Songlian
[i] News Week, “As the Olympics Approach, Call for Attention on the Strength of CCP’s Internet Blockade <奥运临近，呼吁关注中共对网络封堵的强度>”, July 29, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/200807/20080729182837_9693.html
[ii] CHRD, “Many Websites are Still Blocked in China Prior to the Olympics <奥运前仍然有不少网站在中国被屏蔽>”, July 31, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class5/200808/20080801000509_9753.html
[iii][iii] CHRD, “CHRD’s Alternative Guide to the Beijing Olympics”, August 6, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080808010440_9905.html
[iv] CHRD, “China Breaks Promises of Freedoms of Assembly and the Press during Olympics”, August 16, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080817094733_10072.html
[v] CHRD, “China Breaks Promises of Freedoms of Assembly and the Press during Olympics”, August 16, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080817094733_10072.html
[vi] CHRD, “China Breaks Promises of Freedoms of Assembly and the Press during Olympics”, August 16, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080817094733_10072.html
[vii] CHRD, “’Olympics Security’ Crackdown Sends Veteran Democracy Activist to Criminal Detention”, August 4, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080805102943_9846.html; CHRD, “”Olympics Security” Crackdown Sends another Democracy Activist to Criminal Detention”, August 5, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080812213153_9986.html
[viii] CHRD, “Head of China Federation of Christian House Churches Zhang Mingxuan Detained <中国家庭教会联合会会长张明选被关押>”, August 7, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class5/200808/20080807174548_9899.html
[ix] CHRD, “Head of China Justice Advocacy Web Ren Shangyan Detained at Jiamusi Detention Center <申正网副站长任尚燕被关押于佳木斯看守所中>”, August 16, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/200808/20080816224618_10064.html
[x] CHRD, “Lawyer Mo Shaoping Requests Chengdu Police to Respond to Earlier Request to Visit Huang Qi and Application for Bail while Awaiting Trial <莫少平律师再一次请成都警方答复会见黄琦和取保候审的申请>”, August 15, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class3/200808/20080815160704_10044.html
[xi] CHRD, “CHRD’s Alternative Guide to the Beijing Olympics”, August 8, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080808010440_9905.html
[xii] CHRD, “CHRD’s Alternative Guide to the Beijing Olympics”, August 6, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080808010440_9905.html
[xiii] CHRD, “CHRD’s Alternative Guide to the Beijing Olympics”, August 8, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080808010440_9905.html
[xiv] CHRD, “Beijing Activist Zeng Jinyan Disappeared on Eve of Olympics Opening Ceremony”, August 9, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080809211309_9942.html
[xv] CHRD, “A Collective Call from Lawyers Concerning the Sentence of Guangdong Human Rights Lawyer <广东律师维权获刑 征集联名呼吁>”, August 6, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/200808/20080806115050_9872.html
[xvi] CHRD, “Petitioner Hu Shuzhen under House Arrest <访民胡淑珍被软禁家中>”, August 8, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/200808/20080808175122_9922.html
[xvii] CHRD, “Hunan Petitioner Calls for Emergency Help <湖南访民紧急求救>”, August 6, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/fmzj/200808/20080806140122_9876.html
[xviii] CHRD, “Chen Xiujuan Pursued by Killers after Release from Three Years of RTL Because of Petitioning <因上访三年劳教后的陈秀娟面临被追杀>”, August 13, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class3/200808/20080813195904_10002.html
[xix] CHRD, “Nantong Chongchuan Petitioner Ji Guiyin Sent to RTL; Many Petitioners are Detained <南通崇川区访民吉桂英被劳教，多名上访人员被关押>”, August 15, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/fmzj/200808/20080815095600_10038.html
[xx] CHRD, “Petitioner and Housing Rights Activist Xie Shulin Beaten and Injured by Men Sent by Party Secretary <经租房上访维权人士谢树林被书记派人殴打致伤>”, August, 2, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/fmzj/200808/20080802001132_9778.html
[xxi] CHRD, “Petitioner Leader Liu Jie Stages a Hunger Strike at RTL Camp <访民领袖刘杰在劳教所中绝食抗议>”, August 2, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class53/200808/20080802213618_9806.html
[xxii] CHRD, “Call to Abolish the ‘Hukou’ System and Establish An Identification Cards Management System” <废除户籍制度、建立身份证管理系统的呼吁书>”, July 29, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class7/200807/20080729072954_9679.html
[xxiii] Legal Daily, “Gansu: Abortion Banned for Women over 14 Weeks; Sex Determination will be Restricted by Law <甘肃:怀孕14周以上严禁人流 鉴定胎儿性别将受法律约束>”, July 28, 2008, http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/0705/2008-07/28/content_911190.htm
[xxiv] Xinhua, “Party and Government Officials Can be Fired Using both Regulations when They Abuse Police Power in Handling ‘Mass Incidents” <群体事件滥用警力可被“双开” 党政一把手适用>”, July 25, 2008, http://news.xinhuanet.com/legal/2008-07/25/content_8765331.htm
[xxv] Legal Daily, “Shenzhen Replaces Temporary Residency Permits with Residency Permits; Experts: a Reaonsable Reform <深圳告别暂住 证进入居住证时代 专家：一种理性的改革>”, August 3, 2008, http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/0705/2008-08/03/content_915313.htm
[xxvi] Legal Daily, “Ministry of Civil Affairs: ‘Registration and Management of Social Organizations’ Currently under Amendments <民政部:《社会团体登记管理条例》修订工作正在进行>”, August 3, 2008, http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/0705/2008-08/03/content_915077.htm
[xxvii] CHRD, “CHRD’s Alternative Guide to the Beijing Olympics”, August 6, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080808010440_9905.html; How China Censors the Internet and Monitors Your Telecommunications: CHRD’s Alternative Guide to the Olympics (Part II), August 11, 2008, https://www.nchrd.org/Article/Class9/Class10/200808/20080812154644_9981.html
